VOA慢速英語(yǔ): 棒球用語(yǔ)（雙語(yǔ)）

Baseball Terms

棒球用語(yǔ)

Now, the VOA Special English program WORDS AND THEIR STORIES.

這是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)，詞匯掌故。

Baseball is America’s national sport. So it is not unusual that many popular expressions come from baseball. But first, let me explain a little about the game.

棒球是美國(guó)最流行的體育項(xiàng)目，所以有很多流行的詞匯表達(dá)來(lái)自棒球是件很平常的事。但是，首先讓我簡(jiǎn)單介紹一下這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。

Each baseball team has nine players. The pitcher of one team throws the ball to a batter from the other team. The batter attempts to hit the ball. If he misses, it is called a strike. If a batter gets three strikes, he loses his turn at bat and is called out. The batter also is out if he hits the ball in the air and an opposing player catches it. But if the batter hits the ball and it is not caught, the batter tries to run to one or more of the four bases on the field. The batter can run to all four bases if he hits the ball over the fence or out of the ballpark. Such a hit is called a home run.

每個(gè)棒球隊(duì)有九名隊(duì)員。其中一隊(duì)的擲球人把球扔到另外一隊(duì)的擊球手中，擊球手試圖打到球，如果他沒(méi)有擊中球，就叫做擊球未擊中（好球）。如果投手對(duì)擊球者投出三個(gè)“好”球，則跑壘者被“三振出局”。如果擊出騰空球被守隊(duì)合法接住，擊球員出局。守隊(duì)截接攻隊(duì)擊出之球后可以持續(xù)碰觸攻隊(duì)跑壘員或持球踏壘以“封殺”跑壘員，當(dāng)球落地之前防守隊(duì)員如果接住球，則稱之為跑壘員被“接殺”。但是如果擊球手打出球，卻沒(méi)有被接住，擊球手可以試圖跑向場(chǎng)地上四個(gè)角的其它壘位。假如他把球打到界線外或者打出球場(chǎng)，擊球手可以跑向按一壘、二壘、三壘、本壘的順序，踩上所有壘包一周的安打，這樣就叫全壘打。

Now, here are some common expressions from baseball. Someone who is on the ball is intelligent and able to do a good job. But a person who threw a curve ball did something unexpected. Someone who steps up to the plate is ready to do his or her job. A pinch hitter takes the place of someone else at a job or activity.

現(xiàn)在是一些來(lái)自棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)的一些常見(jiàn)表達(dá)。做事機(jī)靈的人聰慧，能夠做好一件事。但是打出曲線球的人會(huì)做一些意料之外的事。擊打投手向他投擲的球，這種人時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備著做他的工作。代打是替代另一個(gè)人的工作或活動(dòng)。

A person who strikes out or goes down swinging attempted something but failed. We also might tell the person that three strikes and you are out. But someone who hit a home run or hit it out of the park did something extremely well.

三振出局的隊(duì)員或者為了某事力拼到底但是失敗的人，我們也許會(huì)說(shuō)三振出局或你出局了。但是全壘打或者擊出球場(chǎng)的人確實(shí)做得很好。

Sometimes I have to give information quickly, without time to think it over. Then I would say something right off the bat. If someone is doing an extremely good job and is very successful, you might say he or she is batting one thousand.

有時(shí)候我沒(méi)時(shí)間思考，需要快速地傳達(dá)信息，那我就會(huì)說(shuō)立刻做出反應(yīng)。如果有人工作做的既漂亮又成功，你可以說(shuō)他/她做的完美漂亮。

If I say I want to touch base with you, I will talk to you from time to time about something we plan to do. I might say I touched all the bases if I did what is necessary to complete a job or activity. And if I covered my bases I was well prepared. However, someone who is way off base did something wrong or maybe even dishonest or immoral. A person with strange ideas might be described as out in left field.

如果說(shuō)我想與你聯(lián)系，我會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)的跟你就我們要做的事談話。假設(shè)我做完了需要完成的工作或活動(dòng)，也可以說(shuō)我觸壘。如果我踩過(guò)所有壘位，那我就準(zhǔn)備好了。但是，遠(yuǎn)離壘位的人則做錯(cuò)事或者說(shuō)他不誠(chéng)實(shí)、不道德。有奇怪想法的人也許被稱作左外野手。

Let us say I want to sell my car but I do not know exactly how much it is worth. If someone asks me the price, I might give a ballpark figure or a ballpark estimate.

那我們說(shuō)：我想賣掉汽車，但是我不知道它到底值多少錢，如果有人問(wèn)我價(jià)錢，我也許會(huì)給一個(gè)大約的估價(jià)。

If someone offers me an amount that is close to my selling price, I might say the amount is in the ballpark. However, if I say we are not in the same ballpark, I mean we cannot agree because my ideas are too different from yours.

假如有人給我的錢數(shù)跟我定的賣價(jià)一樣，我也許會(huì)說(shuō)這個(gè)數(shù)目八九不離十。但是，我如果說(shuō)我們說(shuō)的價(jià)格彼此差太多，因?yàn)槲业南敕ǜ愕耐耆煌?，那我們就不能達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn)。

Finally, when a situation changes completely, we say that is a whole new ballgame.

最后，當(dāng)情勢(shì)完全發(fā)生改變時(shí)，我們說(shuō)那是一場(chǎng)全新的比賽。

This VOA Special English program, WORDS AND THEIR STORIES, was written by Shelley Gollust. I’m Faith Lapidus.

這是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)，詞匯掌故，雪莉·哥拉斯特編寫(xiě)，我是費(fèi)斯·拉皮迪斯。