VOA慢速英語：直面返校壓力：第二部分

Dealing With Back-to-School Stress: Part 2

處理返校壓力：第二部分

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.

這里是美國之音慢速英語健康和生活報道。

It is back-to-school time in the United States. Back-to-school stress is different for different ages. Younger children may feel scared to leave their families. Making new friends and dealing with bullying can also cause stress for students. Older students may stress about their appearances, grades and getting into college.

現(xiàn)在是美國開學返校的時間。不同年齡學生面臨的返校壓力是不同的。年齡較小的孩子可能會害怕離開家人。結交新朋友以及應對欺凌也會給學生造成壓力。年齡較大的學生可能會對自己的外表、成績或是升學有壓力。

School events and programs can help reduce stress

學?；顒雍驼n程可以幫助減輕壓力

Many schools have events and programs that can help to cut down on student stress. Some offer open houses. At these events, parents can meet the teachers and see where their children are learning.

很多學校都有可以幫助學生減壓的活動和課程。有些學校提供開放日。在這些活動中，家長可以見到老師并看到他們的孩子在哪學習。

At the start of a school year, many schools invite students and their families to orientations. These events give everyone a chance to become more familiar with the environment. Families can practice their school commute. Students can find out where their classrooms are located.

在新學年開始時，很多學校會邀請學生及其家人參加迎新會。這些活動讓每個人都有機會更加熟悉環(huán)境。各個家庭可以練習他們的上學通勤。學生們可以找到他們的教室在哪。

The American Psychological Association says parents can better help their children if they meet teachers and classmates and know the daily routine and school environment.

美國心理學會表示，如果家長們見到了老師和同學，并且了解了日常生活和學校環(huán)境，他們就能更好地幫助孩子。

For younger children, seeing their parents in their classroom can help make it seem more familiar. And even older students can benefit from events and activities that make the school seem like a friendly place.

對年齡較小的孩子來說，看到家長走進他們的教室有助于讓教室看起來更熟悉。甚至年齡較大的學生也能從中受益，這會讓學校看起來更加友好。

Making connections in the classroom

在教室中建立人際關系

Many schools have mentoring programs. In these programs, older students help younger ones understand the rules and culture of the school.

很多學校都有指導課程。在這些課程中，年齡較大的學生幫助年齡較小的學生了解學校的規(guī)章和文化。

Communicating with students is also good advice for teachers.

與學生交流也是對老師的一項好建議。

Mary Anne Aidala began teaching in the New York school system in 1962. She retired 39 years later, in 2001. Ms. Aidala suggests that teachers share details about themselves.

瑪麗·安妮·艾達拉(Mary Anne Aidala)于1962年開始在紐約教育系統(tǒng)任教，然后在39年之后的2001年退休。艾達拉女士建議教師們詳細介紹自己。

These personal conversations can help to create meaningful connections in the classroom. They can also reduce nervousness and stress among the students. Ms. Aidala adds that teachers should also invite children to talk about their families and describe what they did over the summer.

這類個人對話可以幫助在教室中建立有意義的人際關系。它們還能減輕學生們的緊張和壓力。艾達拉女士補充說，教師們還應該請孩子們談論他們的家庭，并描述他們在夏天都干了些什么。

"Well, the teacher has to be very open. The teacher has to tell them something also about herself, so they feel a connection. And then you can ask them if they want to share some of the things that they did in July and August with their families or friends, or camp experiences, activities that they were in and places that they might have visited."

艾達拉女士說：“教師們必須非常坦率。老師還必須告訴他們一些關于自己的事情，這樣學生們就會感覺親切。然后你可以詢問他們是否想要分享他們在七八月份跟親朋好友做過的一些事情，或是露營經(jīng)歷、他們參加的活動以及他們可能去過的地方。”

The American Psychological Association also reminds parents to talk to their children. Ask them what they liked about their past school experiences. And then find ways to have similar experiences in the new school year.

美國心理學會也提醒父母跟子女交流。問問他們對以前上學經(jīng)歷的喜好，然后在新學年想辦法獲得類似經(jīng)歷。

The APA adds that, sometimes, stress of the school year is too much for you and your child to handle on your own. If that happens, find a mental health professional to talk to.

美國心理學會補充說，有時候學年壓力對你和你的孩子自行處理來說過于沉重。如果發(fā)生這種情況，找一位心理健康專業(yè)人士來談談。

Don't schedule to many activities for your children

不要給孩子安排過多活動

Carrie Anne Tocci is an educational expert who has worked with families to help their children to succeed in school.

凱莉·安妮·圖奇(Carrie Anne Tocci)是一名協(xié)同家人幫助孩子學業(yè)有成的教育專家。

Ms. Tocci advises parents to:

圖奇女士建議家長：

not over-schedule your child with extracurricular activities

不要給孩子過度安排課外活動

use technology to remind you of events and to keep schedules organized

使用科技手段提醒自己讓活動安排有序

and to set clear goals

并制定明確目標。

"Well, starting the new school year, we want to be mindful about not overloading our schedule. So, only the extracurricular activities that are mandatory. I also recommend using technology when it's helpful, you might want to use the reminders app on your phone and your child's phone, maybe Google Calendar, sync your phone with Google Calendar ... and to have specific goals and to visualize those goals with your child."

圖奇女士說：“那么我需要提醒大家，從新學年開始不要過度安排日程，只參加強制性的課外活動。我還建議采用有效的科技手段，你可能會想要使用你自己或孩子手機上的提醒應用程序，像是谷歌日歷，將你的手機與谷歌日歷同步。另外還要制定具體目標，并跟孩子一起想象這些目標。”

Ms. Tocci also suggests that if someone in the family has a learning style close to that of the student, that person could help with homework. This relationship may help cut down on stress.

圖奇女士還建議，如果家中有人跟孩子的學習風格接近，那么這個人就可以輔導孩子的家庭作業(yè)。這種關系可能有助于減輕壓力。

Take a break!

休息片刻!

Everyone needs a break from work. Family meals and outings can help everyone relax. A family game night or walk in a park together can give parents and children a chance to have fun as a family.

每個人都需要在工作間隙休息一會。家庭聚餐和郊游可以幫助大家放松身心。家庭游戲之夜或是在公園一起散步可以讓家長和孩子有機會共享天倫之樂。

Education adviser Carrie Anne Tocci also reminds parents to let their children take a break while doing homework. She says if a student has hours of homework to complete, taking several 10-minute breaks can reduce stress.

教育顧問圖奇女士還建議家長讓孩子在做功課時休息一會。她說，如果一個學生需要完成幾個小時的功課，可以進行幾次為時十分鐘的休息以減輕壓力。

Ms. Tocci adds that taking breaks while studying can help a student remember, or retain, what they have learned.

圖奇女士補充說，在學習時休息可以幫助學生記住他們學過的內容。

"It's really, really important to take breaks. If you don't take breaks, we're more likely to create more stress. And research shows you're more likely to retain information that way."

她說：“休息真的非常重要。如果不休息，我們可能就會更有壓力。研究表明，休息也會讓你更可能記住東西。”

The teenagers who responded to the APA survey listed the ways they like to unwind or relax. The top most common ways are:

參與美國心理學會調查的青少年們列出了他們喜歡的放松方式。最常見的辦法就是：

listening to music (67%)

聽音樂(67%)

playing video games (46%)

玩游戲(46%)

going online (43%)

上網(wǎng)(43%)

spending time with family or friends (43%)

和親朋好友聚會(43%)

exercising or walking (37%)

鍛煉或是散步(37%)

And that's the Health & Lifestyle report.

以上就是本期美國之音慢速英語健康和生活報道的全部內容。

I'm Anna Matteo.

安娜·馬特奧報道。