VOA慢速英語(yǔ):白沙瓦是世界上比較大的脊髓灰質(zhì)炎病毒庫(kù)

這里是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)健康報(bào)道。

The World Health Organization has declared the Pakistani city of Peshawar the world's "largest reservoir" of endemic polio virus. And WHO officials fear Pakistanis could face travel restrictions unless steps of taking immediately to stop the disease from spreading.

世界衛(wèi)生組織已經(jīng)宣布巴基斯坦城市白沙瓦為全球最大的脊髓灰質(zhì)炎病毒來(lái)源地。世界衛(wèi)生組織官員擔(dān)心巴基斯坦人可能會(huì)面臨旅行限制，除非立即采取步驟阻止該疾病的蔓延。

Researchers studied all the cases of poliomyelitis in Pakistan last year. The researchers found that almost every case could be linked genetically to the polio virus often reported in Peshawar.

研究人員研究了去年巴基斯坦所有的小兒麻痹癥病例。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，幾乎所有病例都和白沙瓦經(jīng)常報(bào)道的脊髓灰質(zhì)炎病毒在基因上有聯(lián)系。

They added that all test samples collected from different parts of the city have shown the presence of the highly infections virus. Polio mainly affects children under 5 years of age.

他們補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，從該市所有不同地區(qū)收集的檢測(cè)樣本都表現(xiàn)出了高度感染病毒的存在。脊髓灰質(zhì)炎主要影響5歲以下的兒童。

The virus is passed through food or water. The virus reproduces in the body and later invades the nerve system. The disease can sometimes lead to paralysis with loss of muscle control in part of the body.

這種病毒通過(guò)食物和水傳播。病毒在體內(nèi)繁殖后侵入神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)。這種疾病有時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致身體部分肌肉失去控制的麻痹。

The WHO study found that 90 percent of Pakistan's Polio cases could be linked to the virus in Peshawar. In addition, 12 of the 13 polio cases in Afghanistan were also linked to the city.

世界衛(wèi)生組織研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，巴基斯坦90%的脊髓灰質(zhì)炎病例都和白沙瓦的病毒有關(guān)。此外，阿富汗13例脊髓灰質(zhì)炎病例中的12例也和該市有關(guān)。

Elias Durry serves as the WHO's emergency coordinator for polio in Pakistan. He says local officials need to take urgent action to strengthen vaccination campaigns. He says the situation in Peshawar not only threatens the gains Pakistan has made against Polio, but could also harm international efforts to stop the disease.

Elias Durry擔(dān)任世界衛(wèi)生組織駐巴基斯坦的脊髓灰質(zhì)炎緊急協(xié)調(diào)員。他說(shuō)，地方官員需要采取緊急行動(dòng)強(qiáng)化疫苗接種活動(dòng)。他說(shuō)白沙瓦的現(xiàn)狀不僅威脅到巴基斯坦在脊髓灰質(zhì)炎上取得的成果，也可能傷害國(guó)際社會(huì)消除該疾病的努力。

"Unless the polio eradication program in Pakistan is able to curtail the transmission in Peshawar, the expansion of the viruses to other places will not stop. So, it is critical that Peshawar, the way it is behaving now, really be able to find ways of interrupting these transmissions that have been consistent throughout the years," said Durry.

他說(shuō)，“除非巴基斯坦的脊髓灰質(zhì)炎根除計(jì)劃能夠限制住該病毒在白沙瓦的傳播，否則該病毒向其它地區(qū)的擴(kuò)張就不會(huì)停止。因此白沙瓦的現(xiàn)行措施確實(shí)能夠找到辦法中斷多年來(lái)連續(xù)的病毒傳播就非常關(guān)鍵。”

He also noted an increase in deadly attacks on vaccination campaign workers in and around Peshawar and in other areas.

他還指出了白沙瓦內(nèi)外及其它地區(qū)針對(duì)疫苗接種人員致命襲擊有所增加。

Taliban militants often attack polio workers in Pakistan. The militants accuse them of being American spies or part of a plot to keep Muslims from having babies. Most of the attacks have taken place in Peshawar because the city is close to the country's tribal districts. Extremist groups have bases in those areas.

塔利班武裝分子經(jīng)常襲擊巴基斯坦的脊髓灰質(zhì)炎疫苗接種人員。武裝分子指責(zé)他們是美國(guó)間諜，或阻止穆斯林懷孕的陰謀的一部分。大部分襲擊都發(fā)生在白沙瓦地區(qū)，因?yàn)樵撌锌拷搰?guó)的部落地區(qū)。

Elias Durry did not reject the possibility of other countries ordering travel and visa restrictions on Pakistan if there is no quick improvement in the situation.

Elias Durry并不否認(rèn)，如果現(xiàn)狀不立即改善，其他國(guó)家可能對(duì)巴基斯坦采取旅行或簽證限制。

In neighboring India, no polio cases have been reported for the past 3 years. Starting this month, all visitors to India from Pakistan are required to show a record of their polio vaccination.

在鄰國(guó)印度過(guò)去三年都未報(bào)告脊髓灰質(zhì)炎病例。從這個(gè)月開(kāi)始，所有從巴基斯坦到印度的游客都必須出示自己的脊髓灰質(zhì)炎疫苗接種記錄。