VOA慢速英語(yǔ):Group Cognitive Therapy Helps Rape Victims Heal

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health Report.

這里是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)健康報(bào)道。

Group cognitive therapy is a form of mental health treatment. A study has found that this form of talk therapy can help rape victims in war-torn countries where there are few trained psychologists. Researchers say the findings show the counselors in a community can be trained to provide group cognitive therapy.

團(tuán)體認(rèn)知行為治療是一種精神治療方式。一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種談話治療可以幫助戰(zhàn)亂國(guó)家的強(qiáng)奸受害者，這些國(guó)家鮮有訓(xùn)練有素的心理醫(yī)生。研究人員表示，研究結(jié)果表明，可以培訓(xùn)社區(qū)輔導(dǎo)員來(lái)提供團(tuán)體認(rèn)知行為治療。

Judith Bass is a professor of mental health at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health in Baltimore, Maryland. He says rape victims in war-torn countries, face a series of short and long-term health and psychological problems, lists include depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Sudden sounds or events can trigger memories of the rape.

朱迪思·巴斯(Judith Bass)是約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院的一名教授。該大學(xué)位于馬里蘭州巴爾的摩市。她表示，戰(zhàn)亂國(guó)家的強(qiáng)奸受害者面臨著一系列短期和長(zhǎng)期的健康和心理問(wèn)題，包括抑郁癥，焦慮和創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙。突發(fā)的聲音和事件都會(huì)觸發(fā)強(qiáng)奸的記憶。

Professor Bass says sexual violence affects not just the victims but the whole communities where they live.

巴斯教授說(shuō)，性暴力不僅會(huì)影響受害者，還會(huì)影響到他們居住的整個(gè)社區(qū)。

"This problem of rape and violence against women is not only about the act of violence but it's also becoming, unfortunately, wider spread as it is being used in the arsenal of warring factions to dehumanize and humiliate populations."

她說(shuō)，“針對(duì)女性的強(qiáng)奸和暴力問(wèn)題不僅是暴力行為本身，不幸的是，它還被交戰(zhàn)各派用于羞辱族群而到處擴(kuò)散。”

Professor Bass says women who are raped often suffer not only from social stigma in their communities, they also have a fear of returning to the site of the violence, and they worry about whether they can meet the needs of their families.

巴斯教授說(shuō)，被強(qiáng)奸的婦女不僅在社區(qū)中遭受社會(huì)歧視，她們還害怕回到暴力現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，擔(dān)心自己是否能滿足家庭的需求。

Cognitive behavioral group therapy has been shown to be effective in wealthier Western countries. Professor Bass and other researchers investigated whether it could help women in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) overcome their fears and depression. The DRC has faced more than 30 years of conflict since it's independence from Belgium in 1960.

認(rèn)知行為療法在富裕西方國(guó)家已被證實(shí)有效。巴斯教授和其他研究人員調(diào)查了它是否能幫助剛果(金)民主共和國(guó)婦女克服她們的恐懼和抑郁。自1960年從比利時(shí)獨(dú)立后，剛果(金)民主共和國(guó)經(jīng)歷了三十多年的沖突。

After six months, 42 percent of those in individual counseling who were depressed at the start of the therapy no longer showed signs of depression. By comparison, 70 percent of those who participate in cognitive behavior groups were no longer considered depressed. In these groups, the women discussed goals and learned skills for overcoming their depression and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder.

半年后，在治療之初表現(xiàn)抑郁的人員中，有42%經(jīng)過(guò)單獨(dú)輔導(dǎo)治療者不再顯露抑郁跡象。相比之下，參與認(rèn)知行為團(tuán)體的人員中，有70%不再被視為抑郁。在這些團(tuán)體中，婦女們討論目標(biāo)并學(xué)習(xí)技能來(lái)克服自己的抑郁癥和創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙癥狀。

Professor Bass says rape victims in villages with few psychologists could be successfully treated by counselors with good listening skills and comparatively little training.

巴斯教授表示，農(nóng)村缺乏心理醫(yī)生的強(qiáng)奸受害者能夠通過(guò)具有良好聆聽(tīng)技能但培訓(xùn)相對(duì)較少的輔導(dǎo)員來(lái)成功治療。

"They could do it right and they didn't need to have high levels of education, and the services didn't need to have clinicians available."

她說(shuō)，“她們可以做得很好，而且她們并不需要具有高學(xué)歷，這類服務(wù)也不需要醫(yī)生。”

Except to provide training and meet with the therapists from time to time.

除了提供培訓(xùn)，并不時(shí)會(huì)見(jiàn)治療師。

The study appears in the New England Journal of Medicine.

這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表在《新英格蘭醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》上。

Professor Bass says she's looking forward to seeing how well the strategy for training low-level counselors works with rape victims in other war-torn countries.

巴斯教授表示，她希望看到培訓(xùn)低層次輔導(dǎo)員幫助其它戰(zhàn)亂國(guó)家強(qiáng)奸受害者的策劃有多好。

Since 2000, the United Nations Security Council has passed nine resolutions denouncing rape during times of war as a human rights abuse.

自2000年以來(lái)，聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)已經(jīng)通過(guò)9項(xiàng)決議，譴責(zé)戰(zhàn)亂時(shí)期強(qiáng)奸是侵犯人權(quán)。