托福閱讀經(jīng)典句式翻譯對(duì)照學(xué)習(xí) 復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)難句結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)起來

　　托福閱讀中的長(zhǎng)難句可以說是很多考生面對(duì)的一大難點(diǎn)?？床欢L(zhǎng)難句理解不了文章或者解答不了題目的情況相當(dāng)普遍。托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句看不懂怎么辦?下面小編就來分享11個(gè)閱讀經(jīng)典長(zhǎng)難句的中英文對(duì)照翻譯，幫助大家找找應(yīng)對(duì)長(zhǎng)難句的感覺。

　　1. Accordingto conventional theory, yawning takes place when people are bored or sleepy andserves the function of increasing alertness by reversing, through deeperbreathing, the drop in blood oxygen levels that are caused by the shallowbreathing that accompanies lack of sleep or boredom.

　　【譯文】根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)的理論，當(dāng)人們無聊或者困倦的時(shí)候，打哈欠會(huì)出現(xiàn)。打哈欠通過深呼吸來逆轉(zhuǎn)血液中氧含量的降低，從而的起到提高警覺的功能。而血液中氧含量的降低是由淺呼吸導(dǎo)致的，而淺呼吸又伴隨著缺覺或無聊。

　　2. The keyfactor in the success of these countries (along with high literacy, whichcontributed to it) was their ability to adapt to the international division oflabor determined by the early industrializers and to stake out areas ofspecialization in international markets for which they were especially wellsuited.

　　【譯文】這些國(guó)家成功的關(guān)鍵因素(促成這個(gè)因素的是高識(shí)字率)是他們有能力適應(yīng)由早期的工業(yè)化國(guó)家決定的勞動(dòng)力國(guó)際分工并占領(lǐng)了他們特別適合的國(guó)際市場(chǎng)中的專業(yè)化領(lǐng)域。

　　3. In the second case, pollinators(insects, birds) obtain food from the flowering plant, and the plant has itspollen distributed and seeds dispersed much more efficiently than they would beif they were carried by the wind only.

　　【譯文】在第二個(gè)案例中， 傳粉者(昆蟲和鳥)從開花植物中獲取食物，而植物也使得它們的花粉和種子相比于只通過風(fēng)傳播的更加高效。

　　4. In the green-to yellow lightingconditions of the lowest levels of the forest, yellow and green would be thebrightest colors, but when an animal is signaling, these colors would not bevery visible if the animal was sitting in an area with a yellowish or greenishbackground.

　　【譯文】在森林最底層的黃綠管線條件下，黃和率可能是最亮的顏色，但是，當(dāng)動(dòng)物在發(fā)信號(hào)的時(shí)候，如果該動(dòng)物處于黃綠背景下，這些顏色就不太明顯了。

　　5. In a countercurrent exchange system, the blood vesselscarrying cooled blood from the flippers run close enough to the blood vessels carrying warmblood from the body to pick up some heat from the warmer blood vessels; thus,the heat is transferred from the outgoing to the ingoing vessels before itreaches the flipper itself.

　　【譯文】在逆流交換系統(tǒng)中，來自于腳蹼的攜帶冷血的血管接近來自身體的攜帶熱血的血管來從較熱的血管中獲得熱量;因此，在達(dá)到腳蹼前，熱量從向外流的血管中轉(zhuǎn)移到了向內(nèi)流的血管中。

　　6. American paleontologists David Raup and John Sepkoski,who have studied extinction rates in a number of fossil groups, suggest thatepisodes of increased extinction have recurred periodically, approximatelyevery 26 million years since the mid-Cretaceous period.

　　【譯文】美國(guó)古生物學(xué)家D.R.和J.S，他們已經(jīng)很多化石群的滅絕速率，指出，越來越多的滅絕是周期性重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的，從白堊紀(jì)中期開始，周期大約是沒二百六十萬年一次。

　　7. As amongtribes people, personal relationships and a careful weighing of character havealways been crucial in a mercantile economy with little regulation, where one'sword is one's bond and where informal ties of trust cement together aninternational trade network.

　　【譯文】在部落人中，人際關(guān)系和對(duì)品德仔細(xì)的考量在一個(gè)幾乎沒有規(guī)范的重商主義經(jīng)濟(jì)中一直都很重要。而在沒有規(guī)范的重商主義經(jīng)濟(jì)中，一個(gè)的話語(yǔ)就是一個(gè)人的保證，非正式的信任紐帶將國(guó)際貿(mào)易網(wǎng)絡(luò)年合起來。

　　8. The explanation is that the Mayaexcavated depressions, or modified natural depressions, and then plugged upleaks in the karst by plastering the bottoms of the depressions in order tocreate reservoirs, which collected rain from large plastered catchment basinsand stored it for use in the dry season.

　　【譯文】解釋是，瑪雅人挖掘了大坑或者將天然的大坑修改，然后又通過把大坑的底部抹上灰泥把卡斯特地貌上的漏洞堵上，來制造蓄水池，這樣，就能從巨大的被灰泥堵住的蓄水池中收集雨水并儲(chǔ)存起來在干季時(shí)使用。

　　9. Inequalitiesof gender have also existed in pastoralist societies, but they seem to havebeen softened by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth in mostcommunities, and also by the requirement that women acquire most of the skillsof men, including, often, their military skills.

　　【譯文】性別的不平等也存在于畜牧社會(huì)中，但是，由于大部分社群中沒有出現(xiàn)森嚴(yán)的財(cái)富等級(jí)，而且需要女性具備大多數(shù)男性的技巧，諸如軍技巧，性別不平等就被軟化了。

　　10. Ramsay thenstudied a gas that was present in natural gas deposits and discovered that itwas helium, an element whose presence in the Sun had been noted earlier in thespectrum of sunlight but that had notpreviously been known on Earth.

　　【譯文】拉姆齊(Ramsay)研究了一種存在于天然氣中的氣體，并發(fā)現(xiàn)是氦氣(helium)，該元素早就在太陽(yáng)里通過太陽(yáng)光光譜被發(fā)現(xiàn)了，但是還從來沒有在地球上被發(fā)現(xiàn)過。

　　11. Many complex factors led to the adoption of the neweconomies, not only at Abu Hureyra, but at many other locations such as 'AinGhazal, also in Syria, where goat toe bones showing the telltale marks ofabrasion caused by foot tethering (binding) testify to early herding of domesticstock.

　　【譯文】很多復(fù)雜的因素導(dǎo)致了新經(jīng)濟(jì)的采用，不僅出現(xiàn)在AbuHureyra，很多其他的地方也有，比如說'AinGhaza,也就是敘利亞，在那里，山羊腳趾的骨頭顯示有腳被綁住造成的磨損痕跡，這證實(shí)了早期的家畜蓄養(yǎng)。

　　以上就是小編為大家整理的托福閱讀11個(gè)經(jīng)典長(zhǎng)難句中文對(duì)照翻譯，看過這些資料后，你的長(zhǎng)難句理解能力有沒有得到提升呢?