別被托福閱讀“絕對(duì)化表達(dá)不選” 忽悠了

　　在眾多口口相傳的托福閱讀做題技巧中，“絕對(duì)化表達(dá)不選”一定是出現(xiàn)頻率很高的一條。不知道最早想出這條規(guī)律的大神原話是什么，其實(shí)任何事情都沒有那么絕對(duì)，很多人都被忽悠了。舉個(gè)栗子，TPO當(dāng)中有這么一道題，其中B選項(xiàng)里有個(gè)大大的best，很多人就在心里把這個(gè)選項(xiàng)槍斃了。不湊巧，偏偏這個(gè)絕對(duì)的選項(xiàng)就是正確答案。下面我們來看一下原題重現(xiàn)。

　　Paragraph 1 indicates which of the following about ::Roman pottery::?

　　A Roman amphorae were of much higher quality overall than other Roman pottery.

　　B Roman pottery can **best** be appreciated when actual pieces are handled.

　　C Roman pottery declined slightly in quality when the use of fast wheels and kilns was introduced.

　　D Roman practical tableware spread more rapidly across the Mediterranean than amphorae did.

　　The pottery of ancient Romans is remarkable in several ways. **The high quality of Roman pottery is very easy to appreciate when handling actual pieces of tableware or indeed kitchenware and amphorae (the large jars used throughout the Mediterranean for the transport and storage of liquids, such as wine and oil). However, it is impossible to do justice to Roman wares on the page, even when words can be backed up by photographs and drawing. **Most Roman pottery is light and smooth to touch and very tough, although, like all pottery, it shatters if dropped on a hard surface. It is generally made with carefully selected and purified clay, worked to thin-walled and standardized shapes on a fast wheel and fired in a kiln (pottery oven) capable of ensuring a consistent finish. With handmade pottery, inevitably there are slight differences between individual vessels of the same design and occasional minor blemishes (flaws). But what strikes the eye and the touch most immediately and most powerfully with Roman pottery is its consistent high quality.

　　這個(gè)題目相關(guān)的句子我已經(jīng)加粗標(biāo)記了，這句話比較明顯的有一個(gè)邏輯連接詞however，所以對(duì)比的意思非常的明確。而四個(gè)選項(xiàng)里也有三個(gè)都表現(xiàn)了對(duì)比，而這三個(gè)選項(xiàng)在內(nèi)容上還都集中在標(biāo)紅那一段。所以這個(gè)題目來勢洶洶其實(shí)一點(diǎn)都不難，錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)迷惑度低，但讓人遺憾的是，這道題錯(cuò)誤率很高。而且大多數(shù)學(xué)生是在這樣的一種情況下錯(cuò)的：我知道我選的不太對(duì)，但我不知道選什么。但是大家又都堅(jiān)定地認(rèn)為B選項(xiàng)里面的BEST太過于絕對(duì)，堅(jiān)決不選。

　　其實(shí)標(biāo)記的句子寫得很清楚，……is very easy to appreciate……However, it is impossible to do……我先大致翻譯一下這句話：羅馬的瓷器的高品質(zhì)在你親手碰觸到實(shí)物的時(shí)候是很容易感受的，但是通過圖片就不可能做出公正的評(píng)價(jià)。這句話中兩者對(duì)比語氣很強(qiáng)烈，語意也很清楚，就是想表達(dá)羅馬瓷器你要把玩實(shí)物才能感受它的高品質(zhì)，就是handling actual pieces好，page不好。

　　B選項(xiàng)是很合適的。

　　對(duì)于這種大段落考查細(xì)節(jié)題的情況，同學(xué)們往往會(huì)緊張，越緊張?jiān)交艁y，什么都找不到。其實(shí)我們仔細(xì)分析一下這段話，第一句總起，說羅馬瓷器在很多方面都很出眾。然后就是一個(gè)大對(duì)比，表明它的好的好是圖片表現(xiàn)不了的，你得親手去感觸。再往下就是關(guān)于它如何好更細(xì)致的內(nèi)容了。在更細(xì)節(jié)的內(nèi)容里，還有一個(gè)對(duì)比，**like all pottery, it shatters if dropped on a hard surface. **這也就是第二題的答案出處。

　　其實(shí)ETS還是比較套路滴，第一段的后半部分中有大量關(guān)于羅馬瓷器的細(xì)節(jié)描述，這種情況下最容易出EXCEPT的題目，而第二題的答案句也不是意外的落在一個(gè)對(duì)比表達(dá)上。給大家附上第二題哈：

　　All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 1 as characteristics of Roman pottery EXCEPT:

　　A It was usually made with high-quality clay.

　　B It generally did not weigh much.

　　C It did not break as easily as other ancient pottery.

　　D It sometimes had imperfections.

　　我平時(shí)沒事兒的時(shí)候喜歡把TPO的文章拿出來細(xì)細(xì)地讀，然后跟題目進(jìn)行對(duì)比，有些文章類型，題目簡直就是固定搭配。后來我再做真題或者新的TPO，我都先猜一猜這個(gè)段落會(huì)怎么出題，我也會(huì)直接通過看題目，直接猜答案，結(jié)果竟然八九不離十。不是在炫技，也不是教大家投機(jī)取巧，是覺得多多分析文章的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)做題目幫助很大，所謂的題感大概就是這樣吧。