托福閱讀材料之微睡眠

　　加了一夜的班，終于拖著疲憊的身軀開車走在回家的路上。突然一陣睡意襲來(lái)，你勉強(qiáng)睜著眼睛想要保持清醒?？墒窍乱幻肽阃蝗话l(fā)現(xiàn)自己的車正向一根電線桿靠攏，你趕緊剎車。你以為自己一直是醒著的，其實(shí)就在你把車開向電線桿的時(shí)候，你的大腦已經(jīng)睡了幾秒鐘了，這就是我們所說(shuō)的“微睡眠”。

　　A microsleep is an episode of sleep which may last for a fraction of a second or up to thirty seconds. Often, it is the result of sleep deprivation, mental fatigue, depression, or hypersomnia. For the sleep-deprived, microsleeping can occur at any time, typically without substantial warning.

　　微睡眠(microsleep)指持續(xù)時(shí)間不超過(guò)30秒的短暫睡眠狀態(tài)，多由睡眠不足、精神疲乏、抑郁、或嗜睡癥引起。對(duì)那些睡眠不足的人來(lái)說(shuō)，隨時(shí)都可能進(jìn)入微睡眠狀態(tài)，而且沒(méi)有任何征兆。

　　Microsleeps become extremely dangerous when they occur in situations which demand constant alertness, such as driving a motor vehicle or working with heavy machinery. People who experience microsleeps usually remain unaware of them, instead believing themselves to have been awake the whole time, or to have temporarily lost focus.

　　在駕車或重型機(jī)械作業(yè)等需要高度警醒的工作中出現(xiàn)微睡眠狀況是極度危險(xiǎn)的。經(jīng)歷過(guò)微睡眠狀況的人通常都對(duì)此毫不察覺(jué)，他們以為自己一直處于清醒狀態(tài)，或者認(rèn)為自己只是偶爾走神了。

　　When experiencing microsleeps while driving an automobile, from the perspective of the driver, he or she drives a car, and then suddenly realizes that several seconds have passed by unnoticed. It is not obvious to the driver that he or she was asleep during those missing seconds, although this is in fact what happened. The sleeping driver is at very high risk for having an accident during a microsleep.

　　開車時(shí)出現(xiàn)微睡眠狀況，從司機(jī)的角度來(lái)看，他/她正開著車，好像突然有那么幾秒鐘一下子跳過(guò)去了。司機(jī)本人可能沒(méi)有意識(shí)到在這幾秒鐘里他是出于睡眠狀態(tài)的，但他的確是睡著了。開車時(shí)出現(xiàn)微睡眠狀況很可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致意外事故的發(fā)生。