托福閱讀備考之如何理解長(zhǎng)難句

　　把句子的主干先抓出來(lái)，然后結(jié)合這些修飾成分有層次的理解句子。而抓住句子的核心主干的竅門(mén)往往在于找出句子的真正謂語(yǔ)，因?yàn)橹^語(yǔ)是支撐整個(gè)句子的支點(diǎn)。

　　1.In many instances, spectators in the era before recorded sound experienced elaborate aural presentations alongside movies' visual images, from the Japanese benshi (narrators) crafting multivoiced dialogue narratives to original musical compositions performed by symphony-size orchestras in Europe and the United States.

　　托福閱讀難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾成分

　　本句主干結(jié)構(gòu)是spectators experienced elaborate aural presentations alongside movies' visual images，其實(shí)非常簡(jiǎn)單，就是說(shuō)觀眾們既看到影像也欣賞到了音效。但是從句子一開(kāi)頭的狀語(yǔ)In many instances開(kāi)始，作者用in the era before recorded sound 修飾主語(yǔ)spectators，割裂了謂語(yǔ) experienced和主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系，然后賓語(yǔ)是 elaborate aural presentations alongside movies' visual images倒不難，但是隨后用一個(gè) from the Japanese benshi (narrators) crafting multivoiced dialogue narratives to original musical compositions performed by symphony-size orchestras in Europe and the United States.來(lái)解釋這個(gè)主干成分的句子。就使句子變得很復(fù)雜了。

　　譯文：

　　很多時(shí)候，在有聲時(shí)代之前，觀眾們?cè)谟^看影像的同時(shí)也欣賞到了精心制作的音效，從日本多人對(duì)話式敘事到歐美交響樂(lè)團(tuán)的原聲樂(lè)，無(wú)不體現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)。

　　訓(xùn)練：

　　In many instances, spectators in the era before recorded sound experienced elaborate aural presentations alongside movies' visual images, from the Japanese benshi (narrators) crafting multivoiced dialogue narratives to original musical compositions performed by symphony-size orchestras in Europe and the United States.

　　2.Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain of critical opinion in the 1920 s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound.

　　托福閱讀難句類(lèi)型：層層追加的復(fù)雜修飾+插入成分

　　本句也是ETS的老套路了，為了把句子變長(zhǎng)，就層層追加修飾成分，先又Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective所謂一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折的分句，然后主句是a strain of critical opinion in the 1920 s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty ，接著用that引導(dǎo) would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound的長(zhǎng)句嵌套插入成分，來(lái)修飾novelty,但是實(shí)際上這些都不是什么重要的成分，大家只要讀出來(lái)主句結(jié)構(gòu)和句子的核心意思就是以前有一種預(yù)言認(rèn)為有聲電影很快就會(huì)消失就行了。

　　譯文：

　　盡管后來(lái)人很難理解，但在20世紀(jì)20年代，一種批判性的意見(jiàn)預(yù)言：有聲電影是一種將很快淡出公眾視線的科技新事物，就像的許多先前把圖像和聲音結(jié)合起來(lái)的嘗試，這些嘗試可以追溯到第一次世界大戰(zhàn)。

　　訓(xùn)練：

　　Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain of critical opinion in the 1920 s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound.

　　3.Indeed, stability of the biological clock's period is one of its major features, even when the organism's environment is subjected to considerable changes in factors, such as temperature, that would be expected to affect biological activity strongly.

　　托福閱讀難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾+插入成分

　　本句的主句結(jié)構(gòu)其實(shí)特別簡(jiǎn)單就是 stability is one of its major features, even when 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句the organism's environment is subjected to considerable changes in factors,然后用 such as引導(dǎo)了列舉temperature,之后再用 that引導(dǎo)從句來(lái)說(shuō)明temperature would be expected to affect biological activity strongly.

　　譯文：

　　事實(shí)上，即使有機(jī)體受到外界因素，如溫度，強(qiáng)烈改變的影響，有機(jī)體內(nèi)生物鐘的穩(wěn)定性是影響生物活動(dòng)的一個(gè)主要因素。

　　訓(xùn)練：

　　Indeed, stability of the biological clock's period is one of its major features, even when the organism's environment is subjected to considerable changes in factors, such as temperature, that would be expected to affect biological activity strongly.