實例講解托福閱讀句子插入題解題思路

　　█ Most investigators concur that certain facial expressions suggest the same emotions in all people. █ Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. █ In classic research Paul Ekman took photographs of people exhibiting the emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness. █ He then asked people around the world to indicate what emotions were

　　being depicted in them.

　　12. Look at the four squares █ that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

　　This universality in the recognition of emotions was demonstrated by using rather simple methods.

　　Where would the sentence best fit?

　　Click on a square [ ■ ] to add the sentence to the passage.

　　解題思路：

　　Insert Text question。該題型要求考生將一句話插入到原文四個黑色空格的其中一個當(dāng)中，使得段落看起來更通順。首先可以從這個單獨的句子中找到暗示點，例如，本題待插入句子為：This universality in the recognition of emotions was demonstrated by using rather simple methods. 主語部分為：這個對于感情的認知的普遍性。如果待插入句子中出現(xiàn)代詞，則代詞所指內(nèi)容應(yīng)當(dāng)在該句之前出現(xiàn)，結(jié)合這道題目，在這個句子應(yīng)當(dāng)插入的空之前必有：對于感情認知的普遍性。這道題目選擇第三個黑色方框，其之前的句子為：

　　Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. 意思是：另外，來自不同文化背景的人能夠通過面部表情的識別來判斷對方的情緒。來自不同文化背景的人都可以判斷出來，這里暗示了universality 普遍性。同時，放在第三個空也可以對應(yīng)后面的內(nèi)容。待插入句子說到“demonstrated by using rather simple methods”：可以用簡單的方式證明，對應(yīng)第三個空后方的句子：In classic research Paul Ekman took photographs(在經(jīng)典的研究項目當(dāng)中)。

　　再來看一道題目，

　　Sigmund Freud, for example, believed that aggressive impulses are inevitable reactions to the frustrations of daily life. Children normally desire to vent aggressive impulses on other people, including their parents, because even the most attentive parents cannot gratify all of their demands immediately. ■ Yet children, also fearing their parents’ punishment and the loss of parental love, come to repress most aggressive impulses. ■ The Freudian perspective, in a sense: sees us as "steam engines." ■ By holding in rather than venting "steam," we set the stage for future explosions. ■ Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets. They may be expressed toward parents in indirect ways such as destroying furniture, or they may be expressed toward strangers later in life.

　　11. Look at the four squares [ ■ ] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.

　　According to Freud, however, impulses that have been repressed continue to exist and demand expression.

　　Where would the sentence best fit?

　　Click on a square [ ■ ] to add the sentence to the passage.

　　首先我們來看待插入句子：According to Freud, however, impulses that have been repressed continue to exist and demand expression. 本句的前半句說道，According to Freud,(根據(jù)弗洛伊德的理論); 后半句：impulses that have been repressed continue to exist and demand expression. 被壓抑的沖動會持續(xù)存在并且需要表達。這個句子是一句概括性的陳述，一般概括性陳述的后方需要有具體的細節(jié)句子來提供支持解釋。所以這道題目選擇第二個空。第二空格之后緊跟：The Freudian perspective, in a sense: sees us as "steam engines."(從某種意義上講，弗洛伊德的觀點是將人類看做“蒸汽機”)。這里既可以對應(yīng)Freud，又有具體的細節(jié)交代，說持續(xù)存在的沖動，就好比蒸汽機，這里的steam engines是解釋他觀點的具體細節(jié)。

　　再來看一道題目，

　　■ Because they are always swimming, tunas simply have to open their mouths and water is forced in and over their gills. ■ Accordingly, they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. ■ In fact, tunas must swim to breathe. ■ They must also keep swimming to keep from sinking, since most have largely or completely lost the swim bladder, the gas-filled sac that helps most other fish remain buoyant.

　　Look at the four squares [ ■ ] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

　　Consequently, tunas do not need to suck in water.

　　Where would the sentence best fit?

　　Click on a square [ ■ ] to add the sentence to the passage.

　　解題思路：此題的帶插入句子當(dāng)中并沒有代詞， 這時我們可以根據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)詞來解答題目。帶插入句子當(dāng)中的Consequently(結(jié)果是...)可以給我們暗示。帶插入句子的含義為：結(jié)果是，tunas(金槍魚)不需要吸水。那么該句子的前方應(yīng)該在陳述關(guān)于導(dǎo)致金槍魚不需要吸水的內(nèi)容。此題正確答案選C。在第三個空格之前的這句話：...they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. (金槍魚失去了像其他魚類的嘴里所擁有的一塊肌肉，這塊肌肉用于吸水和從腮里排水。)既然已經(jīng)失去了這塊用來吸水的肌肉，那么自然緊接著陳述，其結(jié)果，即金槍魚不再需要吸水。