托福聽力推斷題是聽力常考題型之一,這一題型的出題方式類似于托福閱讀推斷題,非常好辨認(rèn),基本上題干中只要出現(xiàn)了imply或infer則可以確認(rèn)為托福聽力推斷題:What does the professor imply about……?What can be inferred about…….?托福聽力推斷題主要要求考生根據(jù)聽力內(nèi)容的事實(shí)總結(jié)出相關(guān)結(jié)論等。下面我們來看一下托福聽力推斷題的常見處理方法。
正推法。我們需要明白,邏輯推理的過程,通常是premise+ assumption àconclusion。Premise是前提,assumption為假設(shè),是通常沒有說出來的premise,只有假設(shè)成立,結(jié)論才成立。這個(gè)可以按照“三段論推理”來進(jìn)行理解,即Major premise + minor premise à conclusion,assumption就是minor premise。三段論推理是一種重要的演繹推理。比如,所有的植物都是需要水分的(大前提),小麥?zhǔn)侵参?小前提),所以,小麥也是需要水分的(結(jié)論)。三段論作為一種思維方式,其包含的三個(gè)性質(zhì)判斷通常都是以大前提、小前提、結(jié)論這樣的順序排列。但用自然語(yǔ)言表達(dá)三段論時(shí),語(yǔ)句順序是靈活的,而且常常使用省略形式(有省略大前提或小前提或結(jié)論等形式)。
Narrator: Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question.
Professor: Scott Anfinson is an incredible archaeologist and author whose work conducive to the discovery of the indigenous Indian tombs is thought to be a great asset to Minnesota archaeology.
What can be inferred about Scott Anfinson
A: His work is not worthy of any credit.
B: He is an archaeologist with a lot of assets.
C: He has done a lot of noteworthy jobs on Minnesota archaeology.
D: He, as a great archaeologist, donated some assets to protect the local environment.