[高中]全新語法:動詞的形式和時態(tài)分類 動詞的形式
一、動詞的形式
1.第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則
2.現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則
3.過去分詞的變化規(guī)則
4.動詞的不規(guī)則變化
（1）A—A—A型（現(xiàn)在式、過去式和過去分詞同形）
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
hit hit hit
let let let
put put put
read read read
hurt hurt hurt
（2）A—A—B型（現(xiàn)在式和過去式同形）
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
beat beat beaten
（3）A—B—A型（現(xiàn)在式和過去分詞同形）
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
come came come
become became become
run ran run
（4）A—B—B型（過去式和過去分詞同形）
①在動詞原形后加一個輔音字母d或t構(gòu)成過去式或過去分詞。
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
burn burnt burnt
learn earned/learnt learned/learnt
mean meant meant
hear heard heard
②把動詞原形的最后一個輔音字母“d”改為“t” 構(gòu)成過去式或過去分詞。
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
build built built
lend lent lent
send sent sent
spend spent spent
③其他
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
pay paid paid
lay laid laid
say said said
bring brought brought
buy bought bought
think thought thought
sleep slept slept
keep kept kept
sweep swept swept
stand stood stood
understand understood understood
win won won
shine shone/shined shone/shined
catch caught caught
teach taught taught
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
get got got/gotten
hang hanged/hung hanged/hung
have had had
hold held held
leave left left
make made made
meet met met
sell sold sold
shoot shot shot
tell told told
smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled
sit sat sat
dig dug dug
5.A—B—C型（現(xiàn)在式、過去式和過去分詞都不相同）
①在動詞原形后加-n或-en構(gòu)成過去分詞。
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
give gave given
take took taken
see saw seen
write wrote written
ride rode ridden
drive drove driven
throw threw thrown
blow blew blown
grow grew grown
know knew known
draw drew drawn
show showed shown
②過去式加-n或-en構(gòu)成過去分詞。
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
speak spoke spoken
break broke broken
wake waked/woke waked/woken
choose chose chosen
forget forgot forgotten
③變單詞在重讀音節(jié)中的元音字母“i”分別為“a”（過去式）和“u”（過去分詞）。
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
begin began begun
ring rang rung
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
swim swam swum
drink drank drunk
④其他不規(guī)則動詞的變化。
動詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
be（am，is） was/were been
be（are） were been
do did done
go went gone
lie lay lain
wear wore worn
