高中英語語法總結(jié)：反意疑問句

1.當陳述部分的主語是I，而句子又用來征詢對方的意見時，附加疑問句中的主語用you。如：

I find English very interesting, don’t you?

I don’t like that film, do you?

2.當陳述部分的主語是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代詞時，附加疑問句中的主語通常用they。但亦可用he，尤其是nobody, no one等作主語，具有否定概念時。如：

Somebody phoned while I was out, didn’t they?

Everyone enjoyed the party, didn’t they?

Nobody wants to go there, does he?

3.當陳述部分的主語是不定代詞everything, nothing, anything, something時，附加 疑問句中的主語一般用it，不用they。如：

Everything seems all right now, doesn’t it?

Nothing is kept in good order, is it?

Something must be done to stop pollution, isn’t it?

4.當陳述部分的主語是指示代詞this, that或these, those時，附加疑問句中的主語分別用it和they。如：

This is important, isn’t it?

That isn’t correct, is it?

These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren’t they?

5.如果陳述部分是以代詞one作主語，附加疑問句中的主語在正式場合用one，非正式場合用you,在美國英語中，在非正式場合還可以用he。如：

One can’t be too careful, can one?或can you?

One should do his duty, shouldn’t he?

6.如果陳述部分用I’m…結(jié)構(gòu)，附加疑問部分一般用aren’t I。如：

I am strong and healthy aren’t I。

7.當陳述句為there be結(jié)構(gòu)時，附加疑問句中的主語也用there。如：

There’s no help for it, is there?

There’s something wrong, isn’t there?

8.陳述部分帶有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing等否定詞或半否定詞時，附加疑問部分的動詞用肯定形式。如：

Bob rarely got drunk, did he?

Few people know him, do they?

She seldom goes to the cinema, does she?

如果陳述部分的否定詞帶有否定前綴，那么，該陳述部分作肯定處理，附加疑問部分一般仍用否定形式。如：

He was unsuccessful, wasn’t he?

Tom dislikes the book, doesn’t he?

9.當陳述部分為主從復合句時，附加疑問部分一般應與主句的主語和謂語動詞保持對應關(guān)系。如：

She says that I did it, doesn’t she?

I told them not everybody could do it ,didn’t I?

但當陳述部分的主語是I，謂語是think, believe, suppose, expect這類動詞時，附加疑問部分則往往與從句中的主語和謂語動詞保持對應關(guān)系，但要注意否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。

I suppose that he’s serious isn’t he?

I don’t think she cares, does she?

10.當陳述部分是并列句，附加疑問句則需和就近的分句的主語和謂語一致。如：

Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldn’t he?

11.在由“祈使句+附加疑問”構(gòu)成的附加疑問句中，附加疑問部分一般用will you, won’t you, would you,有時也可用can you, can’t you, why don’t you, could you等。如：

Don’t open the door, will you?

Give me some cigarettes, can you?

Take a rest, why don’t you?

但是，以let’s開頭的祈使句，附加疑問部分用shall we;以let us開頭的祈使句，如果含義是allow us，不包括聽話人在內(nèi)，疑問部分用will you。如：

Let’s have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we?

Let us go out for a rest, will you?

12.當陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動詞must表示“必須”時，疑問部分用mustn’t。如：

You must work hard next term, mustn’t you?

I must answer the letter, mustn’t I?

但若表推測這層含義時，不能用must，而要根據(jù)陳述部分的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)(即must之后的動詞)以及含義采用相應的動詞形式。如：

You must have made a mistake, haven’t you?

They must have seen the film last week, didn’t they?

He must be in the library, isn’t he?

13.當陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞used to時，疑問部分可用usedn’t或didn’t。如：

The old man used to smoke, didn’t he?或usedn’t he?

Tom used to live here, usedn’t he?或didn’t he?

14. 當陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動詞ought to時，疑問部分用oughtn’t或shouldn’t。如：

He ought to know the answer, oughtn’t he?

We ought to read this book, oughtn’t we?或shouldn’t we?

15.當陳述部分含有had better時，疑問部分用had。如：

You’d better finish your homework now, hadn’t you?

16.感嘆句后的附加疑問句的謂語動詞需用be的現(xiàn)在時，且常用否定形式。如：

What a clever boy, isn’t he?

What a lovely day, isn’t it?

17.陳述句子中的主語為動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語或其他短語時，疑問部分的主語通常用it。如：

Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesn’t it?

Between six and seven will suit you, won’t it?

Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?

18.在口語和非正式文體中，為了加強語氣，只是表示某種驚奇、懷疑、反感、諷刺等感情而并不是為了尋求回答，這時前后兩部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如：

Oh, he is a writer, is he?

You’ll not go, won’t you?

19.陳述句中的謂語動詞是wish，表示愿望時用may，且用肯定形式。如：

I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I?

20.當陳述部分帶有表示“所有”含義的動詞have(has)時，疑問部分既可用have形式，也可用do形式。如：

You have a new bike, haven’t you(或don’t you)?

She doesn’t have any money in her pocket, does she?