[初中]全新英語語法12-7 過去將來時

在英語中，不同時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，謂語動詞要用不同的形式來表示，謂語動詞的這種不同形式稱為動詞的時態(tài)。

英語中有8種基本時態(tài)，其中4種現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，對應(yīng)4種過去時態(tài)。4種現(xiàn)在時態(tài)是：一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)；現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)；一般將來時態(tài)；現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。他們對應(yīng)的4種過去時態(tài)是：一般過去時態(tài)；過去進行時態(tài)；過去將來時態(tài)；過去完成時態(tài)。

12-7 過去將來時

過去將來時表示從過去某一時刻看來將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與two days later，the next week，the following day等時間狀語連用。

1.過去將來時謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)形式

（1）助動詞would+動詞原形 。如：

My friend promised she would come the next day.我朋友答應(yīng)第二天要來。

I told Laura I would go home the following weekend.我告訴勞拉下周末我要回家。

注意：

①would可以和代詞主語縮寫為：I would→I'd；You would→You'd；He would→He'd；She would→She'd；We would→We'd；They would→They'd

②would和not可以縮寫為：wouldn't

（2）助動詞was/were+going to+動詞原形 。如：

He told us that he was going to attend the meeting.他告訴我說他要參加那次會議。

She said that her uncle was going to meet her at the railway station.她說她叔叔將去火車站接她。

2.過去將來時的用法

（1）表示在過去某一時間看來將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：

I told him I would see him off at the station.我跟他說，我會到車站去給他送行。

He said he would go to Shanghai for the holiday.他說他要到上海度假。

He said he would stay with us.他說他要與我們呆在一起。

He said he would never go there again.他說他絕不會再去那兒。

注意：

過去將來時常用于賓語從句中。在賓語從句中，主句用了過去時態(tài)，從句表示將來時要用過去將來時。如：

He told me that I should succeed.他說我會成功。

（2）was/were+going to+動詞原形，表示過去曾經(jīng)打算或準備要做的動作或過去將要發(fā)生的或很有可能發(fā)生的動作。如：

They were going to have a meeting.他們曾經(jīng)打算開個會。

I thought it was going to rain.我原以為天要下雨了。

（3）過去將來時，用于虛擬語氣中，如：

If I were you，I would not do that.要是我是你的話，我就不會那樣做。

If he were here，he would show us how to do it.如果他在這兒，他就會向我們展示該如何做了。

（4）was/were going to+動詞原形；was/were to+動詞原形；was/were about to+動詞原形，可表達當時一種未曾實現(xiàn)的意圖或打算。如：

The conference was going to be held the next month.會議原計劃下一個月舉行。

We were to have our class at eight.八點我們本該上課了。

I was about to tell him about it when Wu Dong got in.就在我要告訴他這件事情的時候，吳東進來了。