[初中]全新英語語法02-5 名詞的修飾語

名詞是表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)、現(xiàn)象及其他抽象概念等名稱的詞。英語中的名詞有可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞之分；有其所有格形式；在句子中通常作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語、定語等。

02-5 名詞的修飾語

1.只修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞

①few很少；幾乎沒有。I have few friends here.我這兒幾乎沒有朋友。

②a few一些；有幾個(gè)。After a few tries they gave up.試過幾次之后他們就放棄了。

③quite a few相當(dāng)多。Quite a few of the students were late。不少學(xué)生遲到了。

④several幾個(gè)；數(shù)個(gè)；至少三個(gè)。My brother has several toys at home.我哥哥有幾個(gè)玩具在家里。

⑤many許多；很多。There are many people in the park.公園里有許多人。

⑥a number of很多；若干。They found a number of wild animals in the forest.他們?cè)谏掷锇l(fā)現(xiàn)了很多野生動(dòng)物。

2.只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞

①little很少；幾乎沒有。Hurry up.There is little time left.快點(diǎn)，幾乎沒有時(shí)間了。

②a little一些；少量。She can speak a little French.她會(huì)說一些法語。

③much許多。I have much housework to do on weekends.周末我有許多家務(wù)要做。

④a bit of一點(diǎn)兒；有點(diǎn)兒。He knows a bit of Russian.他懂點(diǎn)兒俄語。

⑤a great deal of很多。He has given me a great deal of help.他給了我很多幫助。

⑥a large/small amount of大量的/少量的。He has spent a large amount of money on his new house.他在新房子上花費(fèi)了許多錢。

3.既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞

①some/any一些。I have some questions to ask you.我有一些問題要問你，

Is there any water in the river？河里有水嗎？

②a lot of/lots of很多。There are a lot of/lots of people in that room.那個(gè)房間里有許多人。

There's a lot of/lots of rice in the bag.那只口袋里有許多大米。

③plenty of充足的。There are plenty of eggs in the fridge.冰箱里有足夠的雞蛋。

He has plenty of money to buy the house.他有足夠的錢買那套房子。

④enough足夠的。There are enough glasses for all of us.有足夠的杯子供我們大家使用。

We have enough time to finish the work.我們有足夠的時(shí)間來完成這項(xiàng)工作。

⑤most多數(shù)；大部分。Most students have seen the TV play.多數(shù)學(xué)生看過那部電視劇。

Most rice was eaten by the man.大部分米飯被那個(gè)人吃了。

4.名詞的其他修飾語

名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、句子等都可以用作定語修飾名詞。

（1）名詞作定語修飾名詞。

a stone table一張石桌；a shoe factory一家鞋廠；a girl student一個(gè)女學(xué)生

注意：

名詞作定語修飾名詞通常用單數(shù)形式，man，woman作定語修飾單數(shù)名詞用單數(shù)，修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式；sport作定語總是用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：

a man teacher一位男教師；a woman singer一名女歌手；sports field運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)；sports shoes運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋；sports meeting運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)

They are women doctors.她們是女醫(yī)生。

（2）形容詞作定語修飾名詞。形容詞作定語修飾名詞位于名詞之前。

a beautiful park一個(gè)美麗的公園；an old man一位老人；a good film一部好電影

注意：

一些名詞由特定的形容詞修飾，不可張冠李戴。

①population人口。表示人口多用形容詞large修飾，表示人口少用形容詞small修飾，而不用many表示人口多，或little表示人口少。如：

Ten thousand years ago，the world's population was very small.一萬年前，世界上人口很少。

②people人；人們。表示人多用many，人少用few。如：

Many people took part in the sports meeting.許多人參加了運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。

③wind風(fēng)。形容風(fēng)大用strong。如：

The strong wind blew away their most things.大風(fēng)刮走了他們的大部分東西。

④rain雨；snow雪。形容雨、雪大用heavy。如：

It seems as if there will be a heavy rain soon.看來要下大雨了。

We couldn't see the road clearly because of the heavy snow.由于大雪我們看不清道路。

（3）副詞作定語修飾名詞。副詞作定語修飾名詞時(shí)，常將副詞置于名詞后。

the weather here這兒的天氣；the girls there那兒的那些女孩；the pictures below下面的圖畫；the questions above上面的問題

（4）介詞短語作定語修飾名詞。介詞短語作定語修飾名詞放在名詞之后。

the books on the desk課桌上的書；a man with thick glasses戴深度眼鏡的男子

（5）句子作定語修飾名詞。用一個(gè)句子作定語修飾名詞，這個(gè)句子被稱為定語從句，定語從句位于它所修飾的名詞之后。（詳見定語從句一章）

The person who is standing there is my uncle.站在那兒的那個(gè)人是我的叔叔。

【中考速遞】

1.[海南中考考題] There's little _____ left at home.Go and buy some，dear.

A.carrots B.potatoes C.rice

2.[黑龍江綏化中考考題] We can see many _____ on the hill in the picture.

A.sheeps B.sheep C.horse

3.[山東菏澤中考考題] My teacher gave me much _____ on how to study English well when I had some trouble.

A.advice B.question C.suggestion D.problem

【答案點(diǎn)撥】

1.答案：C 句意：家里沒有大米了，去買一些吧，親愛的。由空前的little可知這里用不可數(shù)名詞，故選C。

2.答案：B 句意：在畫中，我們能看到山上有許多綿羊。由空前的many可知這里用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，sheep單復(fù)數(shù)同形，故選B。

3.答案：A 句意：當(dāng)我有困難時(shí)，我的老師給了我許多怎樣學(xué)好英語的建議。由空前的much可知這里用不可數(shù)名詞，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)只有advice是不可數(shù)名詞，故選A。

【語法專練 體驗(yàn)中考】

1.[云南昆明考題] Each couple in China can have two _____ from January 1st ，2016.

A.boy B.girl C.children D.child

2.[黑龍江綏化考題] Our school has fifty-six _____ teachers.

A.woman B.women C.woman's

3.[廣西來賓考題] — There are many _____ about this farm.

— Yes，lots of _____ are planted on it.

A.photo；potato B.photos；potatos

C.photos；potatoes D.photoes；potatoes

4.[甘肅天水考題] There are many websites on the Internet and there _____ a lot of useful _____ on the websites.

A.are；informations B.are；information

C.is；information D.is；informations

5.[四川綿陽考題] He was born in Germany，but he has made China his _____.

A.family B.address C.house D.home

6.[重慶考題] It's sports time.Most _____ students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground.

A.boy B.boys C.boy's D.boys'

7.[新疆考題] This is _____ bedroom.It's tidy and nice.

A.Lily's and Lucy's B.Lily and Lucy's

C.Lily's and Lucy D.Lily and Lucy

8.[山東臨沂考題] I live near the station.It's only about five _____ walk.

A.minute's B.minute C.minutes' D.minutes

9.[甘肅武威考題] We have a _____ holiday every National Day.

A.3 days B.3-days

C.3-day D.3 day's

10.[甘肅蘭州考題] You paid ￥10 for _____ this morning.

A.4 bottle milks B.4 bottles of milk

C.4 bottles of milks D.4 milk

11.[湖南郴州考題] — _____ is coming.What can I get for my mother？

— What about a scarf？

A.Women's Day B.Woman's Day

C.Womens' Day

12.[湖南婁底考題] — Would you like some _____ for dinner？

— OK.

A.tomatos B.tomato C.tomatoes

13.[湖北黃石考題] — I'm told your class has 3 new comers.

— Yes.One is a _____，the other two are _____ .

A.Japan；Germany B.Japanese；German

C.Japanese；Germans D.Japanese；Germen

14.[貴州遵義考題] — Can I help you，madam？

— I want _____.

A.two boxes of apple B.two glass of water

C.two bowls of porridge

15.[寧夏考題] — Listen！Who is singing？

— It's Betty.She has a sweet _____.

A.sound B.voice C.noise D.speech

【答案速遞】

1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.B