全新英語語法·小學(xué)篇:二、空間介詞

二、空間介詞

常見的表示空間的介詞有：at，on，in，under，above，over，behind，in front of，between，around，up，down等。

（一）at，on，in

1.at表示在具體某個地點(diǎn)，意思是“在……旁邊”，如：at the bus stop，at the door，at a table。

My father is writing a letter at his desk.我父親在他的桌子邊寫信。

Andy is waiting at the bus stop.安迪在公交車站邊等。

短語：

at the top of 在……頂端　at the bottom of 在……底部

2.on表示兩個物體表面相互接觸。如：on the desk，on a door，on a wall，on a plate。

There are some photos on the wall.墻上有些照片。

There's a cake on the plate.碟子上有個蛋糕。

短語：

on the right 在右面　on the left 在左面

on the way to 去……的路上　on the first floor 在一樓

3.in表示“在……里面”，空間大小不限，可以用來表示一個很大的空間，也可以表示一個較小的空間。如：in a bottle，in a car，in a room，in the river，in China。

Mom is in the kitchen.媽媽在廚房里。

My uncle works in a factory.我叔叔在工廠工作。

There are many students in the library.圖書館里有許多學(xué)生。

What's that in that bag？那個包里有什么？

短語：

in the sky 在空中　in the world 在世界上

in a newspaper 在報紙上　in a street 在街上

（二）under，below，over，above

1.under和below 都表示“在……下面”，under表示在“正下方”，而below表示在下方，但不一定是正下方。如：under the desk，below the pictures。

The cat is eating a fish under the tree.貓?jiān)跇湎鲁贼~。

Tom and May are talking below my window.湯姆和梅在我的窗下說話。

2.over，above 都表示“在……上面（上方）”，over表示在正上方，而above表示不一定在正上方。

Our classroom is above the teachers' office.我們的教室在老師辦公室上面。

The plane is flying over the mountains.飛機(jī)正飛過山脈。

固定搭配：

over the telephone 通過電話　over there 在那邊

over again 再一次　be over 結(jié)束

go over 檢查、復(fù)習(xí)　all over the world 全世界

（三）behind，in front of

behind表示“在……后面”，in front of表示“在……前面”，與behind 意思相反。

Andy is sitting behind me.I am sitting in front of Andy.安迪坐在我后面，我坐在安迪前面。

Tips：

in front of和in the front of

in front of表示在某一空間外部的前面，in the front of表示在某一空間內(nèi)部的前面。

如：There is a teacher's desk in the front of the classroom.教室的前面有個講臺。（指在教室這一空間內(nèi)的前面）

There is a playground in front of the classroom building.教學(xué)大樓前有個操場。（指教學(xué)大樓外部的前面）

（四）between，around

between指“在……兩者之間”，around 指“在……周圍”。

The hotel is between the museum and the park.酒店在博物館和公園之間。

There are some shops around the hotel.酒店周圍有些商店。

Exercises

5.3 Complete the sentences with “at，on，in，under，above，over” （用at，on，in，under，above，over填空）

1.It's hot.The cheese is ____ the refrigerator.

2.She usually watches the news ____ television.

3.Where's Danny？____ the kitchen.

4.They are waiting ____ the traffic lights.

5.Don't sit ____ the grass.It's wet.

6.Look！The dog is ____ the bed.

7.The plane is flying ____ the rivers.

8.The pictures are below the clock.The clock is ____ the pictures.

5.4 Read and write the places （看圖并寫出有關(guān)的地點(diǎn)）

1.playground

2.________

3.________

4.________

5.________

6.________

Welcome to our city.Look！You are standing on Zoo Road.The library is on your left and the playground is on your right.Walk along Zoo Road.Then cross Green Street.There is a restaurant and a park between Yellow Street and Green Street.The restaurant is on your left and the park is on your right.You can enjoy the meal and the sunshine there.

Now you are at Zoo Road and Yellow Road.Turn right and walk along Yellow Road.On the left，there is a pet shop.You can buy a baby dog there.Turn right at Park Road.Can you see the museum？It's on your left.Go inside and have a look.It will surprise you.

Do you want to buy some flowers for your mother？How can you get there？Walk along Park Road and cross Green Street.The flower shop is on your left，across from the playground.Hope you have a nice trip in our city.