公共英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試寫作指導(dǎo)：圖表作文

　　圖表作文要求考生首先看懂圖表意在表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，然后準(zhǔn)確地、條理清晰地進(jìn)行分析、描述和概括。最后出的結(jié)論。得通常在寫作時(shí)要特別注意以下三點(diǎn)：

　　1.圖表作文中有時(shí)給出很多的數(shù)據(jù)和事實(shí)，但考生不能在作文中像記流水帳一樣將這些信息和數(shù)據(jù)一一羅列，而要根據(jù)圖表要表達(dá)的核心內(nèi)容，抓住關(guān)鍵的數(shù)據(jù)和事實(shí)作文章。如：曲線的突然變化，百分?jǐn)?shù)的驟升驟降，柱狀圖中的表示數(shù)量或百分比的柱線的突然升高和降低，以及最高和最低的柱線。

　　2.要細(xì)心觀察圖表。凡是圖表中出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容都可能是有用的，寫作時(shí)一定要盡量避免遺漏題目中給出的重要信息和數(shù)據(jù)。審題時(shí)必須先弄清楚圖表的一些細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題，如：橫坐標(biāo)、縱坐標(biāo)各自代表什么，每個(gè)格的單位是多少，每種符號(hào)的意義是什么等等。

　　3.當(dāng)題目要求通過(guò)圖表中的內(nèi)容、變化趨勢(shì)等分析原因、發(fā)表議論時(shí)，要注意發(fā)表議論必須緊扣主題，不可脫離主題泛泛而談，或是越扯越遠(yuǎn)。自始自終都圍繞著主題寫作，才能使作文符合題目要求，寫出成功的作文。

　　寫作提綱

　　首段：交代該圖表表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，即美國(guó)能源的基本構(gòu)成，并總體概述電能是如何獲取的。

　　主體段落：詳細(xì)描寫圖表中反映的趨勢(shì)，分別說(shuō)明每種能源在電能生產(chǎn)中所占的比重。

　　結(jié)尾段：得出結(jié)論：將來(lái)的能源供給必將出現(xiàn)危機(jī)，所以我們要積極尋找并開發(fā)新能源，如核能。

　　參考范文

　　The U.S. Energy Sources

　　This bar chart demonstrates the composition of US energy sources. Every day much electricity was consumed throughout the United States. But there is an amazing thing about electricity, that is, it doesn’t exist in nature in a form that we can use or find directly. How do we get the stuff that comes into our houses and offices, shopping malls and factories? In fact, it is obtained by converting other forms of energy.

　　As we all know, electricity can be generated by means of hydro. However, it supplies only 10.5 percent of American capacity for generating electricity. Most of it is provided by steam that comes from boiling water. Steam factories for generating electricity cost a great deal of gas, oil or coal. The greatest US energy source comes from coal, accounting for 46.5 percent of the total production of electricity. The percentage of coal is four times greater than that of hydro. 16.9 percent and 13.7 percent of the country’s power is obtained by burning oil and gas respectively, which is an indispensable part in the production of electricity. obviously, due to the ever-increasing use of energy, there must be an energy crisis in the future. So it is necessary to get energy from other sources. Nuclear fuels, for instance, are used to generate electricity, and nuclear power makes up 12.4 percent of the total production of electricity.