麻醉是如何影響我們的身體的

The magic of anesthesia has enabled many of us to undergo countless medical procedures with as little pain as possible. According to MedlinePlus, anesthesia is the use of anesthetics to prevent pain during surgery and other procedures. They may be administered by injection, inhalation, topical lotion, spray, eye drops, or skin patch. Being given anesthetics is often referred to as "going under." And while many of us have experienced going under, a lot of us are unaware of how anesthesia really affects the different parts of the body.

神奇的麻醉，使我們中的許多人得以盡可能減少痛苦地進(jìn)行無(wú)數(shù)次醫(yī)療程序。根據(jù)《MedlinePlus》的說(shuō)法，麻醉是使用麻醉劑來(lái)預(yù)防手術(shù)和其他手術(shù)過(guò)程中的疼痛。它們可以通過(guò)注射，吸入，局部乳液，噴霧，滴眼液或皮膚貼劑施用。麻醉藥通常被稱為“麻藥”，雖然我們中的很多人都經(jīng)歷過(guò)麻醉，但是我們中的很多人并不知道麻醉是如何影響身體的不同部位的。

Jennifer Kollman, M.D., director of anesthesia at UCHealth Memorial Hospital Central in Colorado Springs, Colorado tells The Healthy what happens to your brain when you start counting backwards from 100. "A hypnotic agent is given to quiet the thinking part of the brain, the cerebral cortex, and areas of the brain stem associated with awareness," she says. "When you awaken, it's almost like you've time-traveled, feeling like you only fell asleep moments ago." Adding that, "Some people even report dreams afterward."

科羅拉多斯普林斯麻醉科主任 Jennifer Kollman 醫(yī)學(xué)博士告訴健康雜志，當(dāng)你開(kāi)始從100倒數(shù)時(shí)，你的大腦會(huì)發(fā)生什么。“一種催眠劑可以使大腦中思考的部分、大腦皮層和與意識(shí)相關(guān)的腦干區(qū)域安靜下來(lái),”她說(shuō)。“當(dāng)你醒來(lái)的時(shí)候，就好像穿越了時(shí)空，感覺(jué)就像剛剛睡著一樣。”此外，“有些人甚至在事后描述了自己的夢(mèng)境。”

You also lose your ability to cough and protect your airways while under the influence of anesthetics. There is also the possibility of your stomach contents being emptied into your lungs, which is why patients are asked to not eat for a given period of time before surgeries, notes The Healthy.

在麻醉劑的影響下，你也會(huì)失去咳嗽和保護(hù)呼吸道的能力。《健康》雜志指出，還有可能將胃內(nèi)容物排空到肺部，這就是為什么要求患者在手術(shù)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)不要吃東西的原因。

Nitin Sekhri, M.D., medical director of pain management at Westchester Medical Center in Valhalla, New York, tells The Healthy why an empty stomach is necessary. "While often a nuisance, not eating before a general anesthetic is crucial. If your stomach has contents inside of it at the start of the procedure, stomach contents can enter into the lungs causing severe, possibly life-threatening pneumonia."

紐約州瓦爾哈拉韋斯特切斯特醫(yī)學(xué)中心疼痛管理醫(yī)學(xué)總監(jiān)尼丁·塞赫里(Nitin Sekhri)告訴《健康雜志》為什么需要空腹。“雖然很麻煩，但在全身麻醉前不吃東西是至關(guān)重要的。如果在手術(shù)開(kāi)始時(shí)胃中有內(nèi)含物，胃中的內(nèi)容物就會(huì)進(jìn)入肺部，引起嚴(yán)重的，甚至可能危及生命的肺炎。”

In addition to not being able to protect your airways and lungs, and subduing the thinking part of your brain, anesthesia can also have an affect on your blood pressure. As stated by Healthline, body temperature and intravenous (IV) fluids needed during anesthesia and surgery can elevate blood pressure. And The Healthy says to avoid both high and low blood pressure induced from anesthesia, make sure to give your correct weight to the anesthesiologist for the most accurate dosing.

除了不能保護(hù)你的呼吸道和肺部，抑制大腦的思維部分，麻醉也會(huì)對(duì)你的血壓產(chǎn)生影響。如《Healthline》雜志所述，麻醉和手術(shù)期間所需的體溫和靜脈(IV)輸液會(huì)導(dǎo)致血壓升高?！禜ealthline》提醒要避免麻醉引起的高血壓和低血壓，請(qǐng)確保提供給麻醉師正確的體重，以獲得最準(zhǔn)確的劑量。

Anesthetics are a wonder drug for those in need of surgery. If you find yourself about to undergo an operation or medical procedure requiring anesthetics in the future, knowing how it affects your body is good knowledge to have. And remember to ask your doctor or anesthesiologist any further questions about the drug's effects before you go under.

對(duì)于需要手術(shù)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，麻醉劑是一種神奇的藥物。如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己將來(lái)要接受需要麻醉的手術(shù)或醫(yī)療程序，那么知道它如何影響你的身體是很好的知識(shí)。請(qǐng)記住，在進(jìn)行治療之前，請(qǐng)咨詢您的醫(yī)生或麻醉師有關(guān)藥物作用的任何其他問(wèn)題。