外國人最想和你聊的名人話題：列奧納多·達·芬奇
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About Da Vinci 關(guān)于達·芬奇
Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci was an Italian polymath: painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist and writer.Leonardo is widely considered to be one of the greatest painters of all time and perhaps the most diversely talented person ever to have lived. Born the illegitimate son of a notary, Piero da Vinci, and a peasant woman, Caterina, at Vinci in the region of Florence, Leonardo was educated in the studio of the renowned Florentine painter, Verrocchio. Much of his earlier working life was spent in the service of Ludovico il Moro in Milan. He later worked in Rome, Bologna and Venice and spent his last years in France, at the home awarded him by Francis I.
Leonardo was and is renowned primarily as a painter. Among his works, the Mona Lisa is most famous and most parodied portrait and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time, with their fame approached only by Michelangelo's Creation of Adam. Leonardo's drawing of the Vitruvian Man is also regarded as a cultural icon, being reproduced on everything from the euro to text books to t-shirts. Perhaps fifteen of his paintings survive the small number due to his constant, and frequently disastrous, experimentation with new techniques, and his chronic procrastination. Nevertheless, these few works, together with his notebooks, which contain drawings, scientific diagrams, and his thoughts on the nature of painting, compose a contribution to later generations of artists only rivaled by that of his contemporary, Michelangelo.
Leonardo is revered for his technological ingenuity. He conceptualized a helicopter, a tank, concentrated solar power, a calculator, the double hull and outlined a rudimentary theory of plate tectonics. Relatively few of his designs were constructed or were even feasible during his lifetime, but some of his smaller inventions, such as an automated bobbin winder and a machine for testing the tensile strength of wire, entered the world of manufacturing unheralded. He made important discoveries in anatomy, civil engineering, optics, and hydrodynamics, but he did not publish his findings and they had little to no influence on later science.
列奧納多·達·芬奇是整個歐洲文藝復(fù)興時期最完美的代表。他思想深邃，學(xué)識淵博，是一位多才多藝的畫家、寓言家、雕塑家、發(fā)明家、哲學(xué)家、音樂家、醫(yī)學(xué)家、生物學(xué)家、地理學(xué)家、建筑工程師和軍事工程師。他是一位天才，他一面熱心于藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作和理論研究，研究如何用線條與立體造型去表現(xiàn)形體的各種問題；另一方面他也同時研究自然科學(xué)，為了真實感人的藝術(shù)形象，他廣泛地研究與繪畫有關(guān)的光學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)、地質(zhì)學(xué)、生物學(xué)等多種學(xué)科。他的藝術(shù)實踐和科學(xué)探索精神對后代產(chǎn)生了重大而深遠的影響。
達·芬奇的藝術(shù)作品不僅能像鏡子似的反映事物，而且還以思考指導(dǎo)創(chuàng)作，從自然界中觀察和選擇美的部分加以表現(xiàn)。壁畫《最后的晚餐》、祭壇畫《巖間圣母》和肖像畫《蒙娜麗莎的微笑》是他一生的三大杰作。這三幅作品是達·芬奇為世界藝術(shù)寶庫留下的珍品中的珍品，是歐洲藝術(shù)的拱頂之石。
Da Vinci invented the scissors.
達·芬奇發(fā)明了剪刀。
Da Vinci is one of my favorite talented artists.
達·芬奇是我最喜歡的天才藝術(shù)家之一。
Art historians believe it was painted by Da Vinci in 1503.
美術(shù)史學(xué)家認為該畫是由達·芬奇在1503年繪制的。
A catalyst was Da Vinci, who briefly visited Venice in 1500.
達·芬奇是個推動者，他于1500年短暫拜訪威尼斯。
How could a smile from a strange woman deeply attract Da Vinci?
達·芬奇為何會被一個陌生女子的微笑所深深吸引呢？
Of course I know, it is represented as the masterpiece of Da Vinci.
當然知道，它是達·芬奇的代表作。
The face of Da Vinci's Mona Lisa matches the golden rectangle.
達·芬奇的蒙娜麗莎的臉型完全符合黃金比例。
The great Da Vinci built control machines, not out-of-control machines.
偉大的列奧納多·達·芬奇建造的是受控制的機器，不是失控的機器。
I should look deep into the canvases of Raphael, Da Vinci, Titian, and Rembrandt.
我要仔細端詳拉斐爾、達·芬奇、提香和瑞姆布蘭特的油畫。
In the front rank among the physicists of the Renaissance were Da Vinci and Galileo.
文藝復(fù)興的物理學(xué)家中，名列前茅的是列奧納多·達·芬奇和伽利略。
This discovery gives the world a never before seen second selfportrait of Da Vinci.
這個發(fā)現(xiàn)在世人面前展現(xiàn)了第二幅從未公開過的達·芬奇的自畫像。
Leonardo Davinci had many talents, including the ability to read (and write) mirror-writing fluently.
列奧納多·達·芬奇有很多才能，包括流暢的讀寫、"倒寫"文字。
Leonardo Da Vinci was a master of design, engineering, science, and invention, as well as a master of art.
列奧納多·達·芬奇是一位設(shè)計大師、工程大師、科學(xué)大師、發(fā)明大師，還是一位藝術(shù)大師。
Two previously unseen paintings by Leonardo Da Vinci have gone on public display for the first time in Italy.
繪畫大師列奧納多·達·芬奇的兩幅未曾露面的作品近日在意大利首次公開展出。
Being a famous portrait work of Da Vinci, this painting represents the artistic thinking of the maestro.
達·芬奇的著名肖像畫作品，它代表了達·芬奇的藝術(shù)思想。
Then Da Vinci applied up to 30 incredibly thin strokes of glaze above the flesh tone-many just a few micrometres thick.
然后達·芬奇會在膚色上涂上多達30筆極薄的油彩--很多只有幾微米厚。
The thin poplar wood panel around Da Vinci's painting is showing signs of warping, causing curators at the Louvre "some worry".
達·芬奇這幅畫四周薄薄的白楊木畫框已經(jīng)有變形的跡象，這令盧浮宮館長有些憂慮。
What a gift it is to have one of Leonardo Da Vinci's notebooks.
能夠擁有列奧納多·達·芬奇的筆記記錄將會是多么珍貴的一份禮物。
Da Vinci's notebooks and drawings show him to have had a scientific imagination and technological ingenuity well ahead of his time.
列奧納多·達·芬奇的筆記和畫表明他具有頗為超前的科學(xué)想象力和獨創(chuàng)技巧。
Soon afterward Da Vinci taught that the earth rotates on its axis and denied that the apparent revolutions of the sun actually occur.
不久以后，列奧納多·達·芬奇宣稱地球繞軸自轉(zhuǎn)，并駁斥說看上去明顯的太陽的公轉(zhuǎn)實際上是發(fā)生了。
Sfumato is the famous invention of Da Vinci.
渲染層次是達·芬奇的一大創(chuàng)舉。
And this is when many a researcher would love to get their hands on Leonardo Da Vinci's most famous muse, in order to find out more about how she was painted.
正是這個時候，眾多研究者才會接觸到列奧納多·達·芬奇這幅最著名的杰作，以期發(fā)現(xiàn)更多這幅畫的創(chuàng)作手法。
Da Vinci conceived the first mechanical apparatus, called a Helix.
達·芬奇設(shè)想了第一架機械裝置，名叫螺旋。
Mike: Do you think Mona Lisa is smiling?
麥克：你覺得蒙娜麗莎是微笑著的嗎？
Daisy: I think she is, do you?
黛西：我覺得她是，你覺得呢？
Mike: I am not sure.
麥克：我不確定。
Daisy: Da Vinci left a puzzle to the world.
黛西：達·芬奇給世界留下了一道難題。
Mike: Do you think there is some code in the picture like what is said in the story?
麥克：你覺得達·芬奇的畫會像小說中說的那樣隱藏著一些密碼嗎？
Daisy: I think it is fictitious.
黛西：我想這是虛構(gòu)的。
Mike: But Da Vinci is really mysterious.
麥克：但達·芬奇的確很神奇。
Daisy: It is said the face of Mona Lisa matches the golden rectangle.
黛西：聽說蒙娜麗莎的臉符合黃金比例。
Mike: That's incredible.
麥克：太不可思議了。
Daisy: Yes, Da Vinci is also an engineer and inventor.
黛西：是的，達·芬奇同時也是個工程師和發(fā)明家。
Mike: He is a well-rounded person.
麥克：他是個全才。
Daisy: I always think art and science are incompatible.
黛西：我總覺得藝術(shù)和科學(xué)是不相容的。
Mike: But many great scientists are good at music or art.
麥克：但很多著名的科學(xué)家都擅長音樂和藝術(shù)。
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