專八人文知識(shí)需知的美國名人--福音傳教士萊曼比徹

　　福音傳教士Lyman Beecher

　　萊曼比徹(Lyman Beecher，1775-1863年)，是一位美國牧師和禁酒運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。他是最主要的傳道人之一和內(nèi)戰(zhàn)前的信仰復(fù)興運(yùn)動(dòng)者。比徹出生在康涅狄格州的紐黑文，畢業(yè)于耶魯大學(xué)。他在1799-1810年間任長島東漢普頓基督教長老會(huì)牧師，1810-26年間為康涅狄格州利奇費(fèi)爾德公理教會(huì)牧師。

　　1826年，比徹成為波士頓漢諾瓦街公理教會(huì)牧師。在這里，他護(hù)衛(wèi)正統(tǒng)基督教，反對(duì)一神論，批評(píng)羅馬天主教。1832年，他作為雷恩神學(xué)院院長、神學(xué)教授去往俄亥俄州的辛辛那提。1850年萊曼 比徹退休。

　　他的十三個(gè)孩子中包括亨利沃德比徹和哈里特比徹斯托。

　　Lyman Beecher (October 12, 1775 January 10, 1863) was a Presbyterian minister, (AmericanTemperance Society) co-founder[1] and leader, and the father of 13 children, many of whom werenoted leaders, including Harriet Beecher Stowe, Henry Ward Beecher, Charles Beecher, EdwardBeecher, Isabella Beecher Hooker, and Catharine Beecher. He is credited as a leader of the SecondGreat Awakening of the United States.

　　Born: 12-Oct-1775

　　Birthplace: New Haven, CT

　　Died: 10-Jan-1865

　　Location of death: Brooklyn, NY

　　Cause of death: unspecified

　　Remains: Buried, Grove Street Cemetery, New Haven, CT

　　Gender: Male

　　Religion: Presbyterian

　　Race or Ethnicity: White

　　Sexual orientation: Straight

　　Occupation: Religion

　　Nationality: United States

　　Executive summary: American Presbyterian preacher

　　American clergyman, born at New Haven, Connecticut, on the 12th of October 1775. He was adescendant of one of the founders of the New Haven colony, worked as a boy in an uncle'sblacksmith shop and on his farm, and in 1797 graduated from Yale, having studied theology underTimothy Dwight. He preached in the Presbyterian church at East Hampton, Long Island (1798-1810, being ordained in 1799); in the Congregational church at Litchfield, Connecticut (1810-26),in the Hanover Street church of Boston (1826-32), and in the Second Presbyterian church ofCincinnati, Ohio (1833-43); was president of the newly established Lane Theological Seminary atWalnut Hills, Cincinnati, and was professor of didactic and polemic theology there (1832-50), beingprofessor emeritus until his death. At Litchfield and in Boston he was a prominent opponent of thegrowing heresy of Unitarianism, though as early as 1836 he was accused of being a moderateCalvinist and was tried for heresy, but was acquitted. Upon his resignation from Lane TheologicalSeminary he lived in Boston for a short time, devoting himself to literature; but he broke down,and the last ten years of his life were spent at the home of his son, Henry Ward Beecher, inBrooklyn, New York, where he died on the 10th of January 1863. Magnetic in personality, incisiveand powerful in manner of expression, he was in his prime one of the most eloquent of Americanpulpit orators. In 1806 he preached a widely circulated sermon on duelling, and about 1814 aseries of six sermons on intemperance, which were reprinted frequently and greatly aidedtemperance reform. Thrice married, he had a large family, his seven sons becoming Congregationalclergymen, and his daughters, Harriet Beecher Stowe and Catherine Esther Beecher, attainingliterary distinction.

　　Wife: Roxana Foote Beecher

　　Son: Henry Ward Beecher

　　Daughter: Catherine Esther Beecher (educator, b. 1800, d. 1878)

　　Son: Edward Beecher (b. 1803, d. 1895)

　　Son: Charles Beecher (b. 1815, d. 1900)

　　Son: Thomas Kinnicutt Beecher (b. 1824, d. 1900)

　　Daughter: Harriet Beecher Stowe (author)

　　University: Yale University (1797)

　　Administrator: President, Lane Theological Seminary

　　Professor: Theology, Lane Theological Seminary (1832-50)

　　Heresy 1836 (acquitted)

　　Author of books:

　　A Plea for the West (1835)

　　Views in Theology (1836)

　　Collected Works (1852, works, 3 vols.)

　　Autobiography and Correspondence (1863-64, 2 vols.)