英語中19種修辭及用法（3）

9.Euphemism 委婉,婉辭法

婉辭法指用委婉,文雅的方法表達(dá)粗惡,避諱的話.

例如:

1>.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下.

2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他與妻子關(guān)系不融洽.

3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. (去世)

10.Allegory 諷喻,比方(原意“寓言”)

建立在假借過去或別處的事例與對象之上，傳達(dá)暗示，影射或者譏諷現(xiàn)世各種現(xiàn)象的含義。

英文解釋：an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subjectby suggestive resemblances; an extended metaphor 摘自英語專業(yè)《大學(xué)英語教程》一書

這是一種源于希臘文的修辭法,意為"換個方式的說法".它是一種形象的描述,具有雙重性,表層含義與真正意味的是兩回事.

例如:

1>.Make the hay while the sun shines.

表層含義：趁著出太陽的時候曬草

真正意味：趁熱打鐵

2>.It's time to turn plough into sword.

表層含義：是時候把犁變成劍

11.Irony 反語

反語指用相反意義的詞來表達(dá)意思的作文方式.如在指責(zé)過失.錯誤時,用贊同過失的說法,而在表揚(yáng)時,則近乎責(zé)難的說法.

例如:

1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.

早上沒有時間觀念還真是一件好事啊(真實(shí)含義是應(yīng)該明確早上的時間觀念)

2>"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar.

12.Pun 雙關(guān)

雙關(guān)就是用一個詞在句子中的雙重含義,借題發(fā)揮.作出多種解釋,旁敲側(cè)擊,從而達(dá)到意想不到的幽默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的詞形.詞意和諧音的方式出現(xiàn).

例如:

1>.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.

2>.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.

3>.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.