英語中19種修辭及例句（1）

1.Simile 明喻

明喻是將具有共性的不同事物作對比.這種共性存在于人們的心里,而不是事物的自然屬性.

標志詞常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.

例如:

1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hearhim crow.

2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.

3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.

2.Metaphor 隱喻,暗喻

隱喻是簡縮了的明喻,是將某一事物的名稱用于另一事物,通過比較形成.

例如:

1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.

2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.

3.Metonymy 借喻,轉(zhuǎn)喻

借喻不直接說出所要說的事物,而使用另一個與之相關(guān)的事物名稱.

I.以容器代替內(nèi)容,例如:

1>.The kettle boils. 水開了.

2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安靜地坐著.

II.以資料.工具代替事物的名稱,例如:

Lend me your ears, please. 請聽我說.

III.以作者代替作品,例如:

a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亞全集

VI.以具體事物代替抽象概念,例如:

I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力氣,他們就用我的力氣賺錢.

4.Synecdoche 提喻

提喻用部分代替全體,或用全體代替部分,或特殊代替一般.

例如:

1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整體)

他的廠里約有100名工人.

2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)

他是本世紀的牛頓.

3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整體代部分)

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