《時代經(jīng)典用詞》科技篇 生物

biofeedback
生物反饋
That knowledge could conceivably translate into an ability to finetune those states at will-through either pharmacology or sophisticated biofeedback techniques.
而那些知識或許可以轉(zhuǎn)化成一種能力，來對這些精神狀態(tài)作精細的控制——不論是使用藥劑或是復(fù)雜的生物反饋技術(shù)。
For ordinary folks,
對一般人而言，
biofeedback can be a useful tool in treating dozens of ailments,from asthma to epilepsy,chronic pain to drug addiction.
生物反饋是能夠治療氣喘到癲癇癥、慢性疼痛到毒癮等多種疾病的有效工具，
It is perhaps the single most effective treatment for Raynaud's disease,a condition mainly afflicting women,
也可能是治療雷諾氏病最有效的方法；這種病主要發(fā)生在婦女身上，
in which the fingers turn white,cold and painful when they are exposed to cold.
處于寒冷的環(huán)境中就會出現(xiàn)手指變白、寒冷、疼痛的癥狀。
biological clock
生物時鐘
As the tick,tick,tick of the biological clock sounded ever louder,aging baby boomers got down to the business of having a baby boomlet of their own.
隨著生物時鐘的滴答聲愈來愈響，年華日漸老去的嬰兒潮這一代，開始營造他們自己的生育小高峰。
Around Tokyo,many young people speculate that the reason might be as simple as the ticking of the biological clock.
在整個東京，許多年輕人都揣沒，她這么做的理由可能很簡單，那就是生物時鐘正聲聲催人。
She was nearing 30,late for a Japanese woman to marry and have children.
她年近30，就日本女人而言，這時結(jié)婚生子已嫌晚，
And with the crown prince in the picture,very few men would be willing to court her.
再則，她和太子交往，也使敢追求她的男人變得少之又少。
centenarian
百齡人瑞
The picture of 4 million doddering,medically needy centenarians is not pretty,but the prospect may not be so grim.
這幅400萬名步履蹣跚、疾病纏身的百齡人瑞的景象可是不怎么賞心悅目，不過預(yù)期的情況不至于如此悲觀。
Darwin
達爾文
Ever since Darwin,the idea of "survival of the fittest" as an inexorably "progressive" force has been misused to justify poverty,genocide and suffering in general.
自達爾文開始，“適者生存”這股冷酷無情的“演進”力量，就遭到人們誤用，成為貧窮、大屠殺、苦難的借口。
As many small businessmen see it,
許多小企業(yè)認為，
the government is letting thousands of them sink through a Darwinian selection:survival of the biggest.
政府正讓數(shù)以千計的小企業(yè)，在“大者生存”這個達爾文式的淘汰過程中滅頂。
Fernando Ponce,controls more than 50 corporations.
費南多•彭斯控有50余家公司。
"We employ almost 5000 people," he says.
“我們有5000名員工，”他說，
"That's our main strength;you just can't let an enterprise like this die."
“那是我們的主要籌碼；像這樣規(guī)模的企業(yè)，你不能讓它倒閉就倒閉。”
eugenics
優(yōu)生學(xué)
During his more forthright racist days,
以往抱持強烈種族主義的日子里，
he had eugenic solutions for the problem:
他對于這個問題有優(yōu)生學(xué)的解決方案：
tax deterrents to breeding by the lower class matched by incentives for the genetically superior.
對那些處于下層的民眾生育施以稅務(wù)方面的制裁，同時提供宣傳鼓勵遺傳基因優(yōu)秀的民眾生育。
eyeless gene
無眼基因
Marvels William McGinnis,a Yale University biologist:
耶魯大學(xué)的生物學(xué)家威謙•麥克基尼斯贊嘆道：
"All you have to do,it seems,is switch on the eyeless gene,and you get these beautiful eyes."
“看起來，你所需要做的只是將這個無眼基因的開關(guān)打開，就能夠得到漂亮的眼睛。”
genetic engineering
遺傳工程
Most people strongly oppose human genetic engineering for any purpose except to cure disease or grow more food.
許多人強烈反對人體遺傳工程，只同意將其運用在醫(yī)療疾病及增加作物產(chǎn)量方面。
A substantial majority think altering human genes is against the will of God.