雅思閱讀信號詞盤點之普通信號詞

　　普通信號詞

　　雅思閱讀作為一項專業(yè)的語言水平測試，當然不能只依靠容易識別的特殊信號詞，文章中的普通信號詞對于解題可謂是功不可沒。

　　1)表原因的信號詞

　　例 如reason, cause, since, in that, as, because, thanks to, owing to, 解釋說明某一事物或事件，往往會蘊含重要信息。如'since the lifetime of a planet like ours is several billion years, we can expect that…' 該句是之后簡答題'what is the life expectancy of Earth' 的答案信息來源，如果考生只定位Earth, 那就很有可能失分，因為原句對Earth 做了同義替換的表述，而since這個信號詞則提示了答案所在的地方。

　　2)表結(jié)論的信號詞

　　例如 thus, therefore, so, hence, consequently, as a result, 這些詞往往是對前面所論述的總結(jié)歸納，例如 'Tortoises therefore represent a remarkable double return’， 該句出現(xiàn)在整篇文章的末段首句，很明顯是對前文的總結(jié)概括，高度濃縮了信息。最后的主旨選擇題，就是對該句的改寫：‘they have made the transition from sea to land more than once’。

　　3)表轉(zhuǎn)折的信號詞

　　例如however, but, by comparison, nonetheless, nevertheless，這些詞往往表示文章觀點或方向的重大轉(zhuǎn)變，重點應該關注信號詞后面的內(nèi)容。如‘this definition implies that iconoclasts are different from other people, but more precisely, it is their brains that are different in three distinct ways’， 前半句指出iconoclasts異于常人，用but轉(zhuǎn)折詞，強調(diào)指出區(qū)別的關鍵地方。這也是選擇題‘iconoclasts are distinctive because…' 的出題方向。

　　4)表讓步的信號詞

　　例如although, though, while, whereas, whilst等連接的句子，后半句才是引出的話題和強調(diào)內(nèi)容。 如'He accurately predicted that Venus would cross the face of the Sun in both 1761 and 1769--though he didn't survive to see either’， 前半句講述他精確預測金星跨越太陽的兩次時間，后半句用though引出讓步內(nèi)容，他沒有看到任何一次。判斷題中‘Halley observed one transit of the planet Venus’主要就是以原文定位句的后半句為判斷依據(jù)。

　　5)表舉例的信號詞

　　例如for example, for instance, that is to say, such as, include, 后面引出具體事物的詳細例子，同時原文中破折號和冒號也有異曲同工之妙，對前面的內(nèi)容補充說明。如‘in other worlds, the life form we are looking for may well have two green heads and seven fingers, but it will nevertheless resemble us in that it should communicate with its fellows, be interested in the Universe, live on a planet orbiting a star like our Sun, and perhaps most restrictively, have a chemistry, like us, based on carbon and water.' 整句話都在解釋說明該段的第二個假設'we are looking for a life form that is pretty well like us’， 所舉的例子也是判斷題‘SETI scientists are trying to find a life form that resembles humans in many ways' 的判斷依據(jù)。

　　6)表順序的信號詞

　　例如first, second, finally, eventually, later, then, next等，體現(xiàn)出文章內(nèi)容的邏輯性與發(fā)展性。如'In discussing whether we are alone, most SETI scientists adopt two ground rules. First,…Second…’， 使用first 和second這兩個序數(shù)詞，清晰邏輯地講述了兩個重要的假設。這兩個信號詞，也是這篇文章heading題型段落大意的重點提示。

　　7)表比較級和最高級的信號詞

　　例如more, most, -est, best, better,exclusively, extremely, superior, preferable，表示事物之間的比較，也是文章要強調(diào)的地方。如‘one part is a targeted search using the world's largest radio telescopes, the American-operated telescope’， 該句的the world's largest radio telescopes 對應了題目中the world's most powerful radio telescopes，答案信息就在這里。