雅思口語(yǔ)陷阱規(guī)避：答題五大誤區(qū)及應(yīng)對(duì)策略

　　雅思口語(yǔ)考試，作為雅思考試科目中為時(shí)最短的科目，使得很多考生在考場(chǎng)中都忐忑不安。很多考生都曾反映：口語(yǔ)考試的內(nèi)容，特別是問(wèn)答題部分，問(wèn)題很多都很寬泛，反而不知道從何作答。也有考生抱怨：很多話題即使用中文都不會(huì)回答，實(shí)在是太抽象了。當(dāng)然，考試后，也有考生表示：感覺(jué)話題很簡(jiǎn)單，自己都盡量說(shuō)了，但是感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)亂。總結(jié)起來(lái)，在考試中，考生如發(fā)現(xiàn)自己無(wú)法進(jìn)行一定具體度的表達(dá)或是不知道如何組織語(yǔ)言的情況，這時(shí)候考生們需要引起重視，謹(jǐn)防掉入雅思口語(yǔ)陷阱。本文將著重盤(pán)點(diǎn)雅思口語(yǔ)中的陷阱和它們的突圍方法，幫助考生們認(rèn)識(shí)了解雅思口語(yǔ)中的陷阱誤區(qū)，提高口語(yǔ)考試備考效率。

　　口語(yǔ)陷阱一：僅談因果

　　國(guó)內(nèi)考生參加雅思口語(yǔ)考試，通常會(huì)帶有一些中國(guó)特色。習(xí)慣了傳統(tǒng)課堂提問(wèn)式的互動(dòng)溝通模式，很多考生同樣在雅思口語(yǔ)中會(huì)運(yùn)用這一方法進(jìn)行作答。遇到問(wèn)題，就會(huì)比較急切的想要解釋清楚，因此對(duì)于考官提問(wèn)，考生的回答聽(tīng)起來(lái)總有些敷衍了事，即：yes/no,because I think…這種回答模式就是想要說(shuō)的第一種口語(yǔ)陷阱，在雅思初學(xué)者中廣泛存在。

　　Doyou like taking photos?

　　Yes,because I think photos can help me to record the happy things in the past. Itwill offer me good memories.

　　類似這樣的回答在考生中出現(xiàn)的頻率是非常高的。緊張的情況下，要能夠快速地進(jìn)行表達(dá)就只能想出比較冠冕堂皇的回答。雖然很多考生深知，這樣的回答方式可能不受考官喜歡，但是要在短時(shí)間內(nèi)構(gòu)思新的想法真的難度太大。因此，無(wú)論是在備考還是在真正的考場(chǎng)上，考生都遵循because原則答題。殊不知，很多時(shí)候單單的用因果關(guān)系答題，反而會(huì)使得語(yǔ)言和形式單一化。

　　如Do you like walking?

　　Yes,because walking can made me relax and it helps me to release my pressure.

　　有的時(shí)候甚至無(wú)法做出很好的解釋。

　　如Where do Chinese like togo dancing?

　　Theylike to go dancing on the square, because…似乎很難有理由可以扶正為什么人們喜歡去廣場(chǎng)跳舞，這里很可能考生的流利度上就會(huì)大打折扣。

　　突圍方法：故事法

　　對(duì)于上述現(xiàn)象，建議大家反復(fù)使用故事法，即從when,where, who, what, why, how, how long, how often這些故事基本信息點(diǎn)進(jìn)行全面的話題拓展，而不是僅僅注重why一個(gè)點(diǎn)。

　　對(duì)于Do you like taking photos?我們可以從how often/ what/when等基本點(diǎn)進(jìn)行構(gòu)思。

　　Yes,that’s for sure. I am pretty fond of taking photos. I take photos frequently,rough everyday. In most cases, I will take photos of food, people and pets aswell.

　　對(duì)于Do you like walking?我們可以從who/ when/where/what等基本信息點(diǎn)出發(fā)。

　　Yes.As a rule, I will take a walk after dinner. I will go with my parents to thepark that is not far away from our community. During the process, we will chatwith each other on our daily experience.

　　剛才提到的dancing話題也可以從基本點(diǎn)如where/when/how long等出發(fā)。

　　Wheredo Chinese like to go dancing?

　　Actually,most of Chinese are rather keen on dancing on the square. To be more specific,most of old and middle-aged people will go to the square that is not far awayfrom their home and dance individually or in pairs for nearly one hour. Also,young people would like to choose the dancing room for different dancingstyles.

　　總結(jié)：再次提醒廣大備考學(xué)員要在備考的過(guò)程中就讓自己走出陷阱，養(yǎng)成好的回答問(wèn)題習(xí)慣，可以使大家在口語(yǔ)備考過(guò)程中越來(lái)越自信，能夠更多的進(jìn)行經(jīng)歷的陳述，而不是僅關(guān)注于個(gè)人情感抒發(fā)。

　　口語(yǔ)陷阱二：就事論事

　　所謂就事論事，即完全按照問(wèn)題回答和解釋，不進(jìn)行比較深入的拓展。這一類話題通常出現(xiàn)在part3中，由于問(wèn)題較抽象，考生無(wú)法很快地深入回答話題，僅能按照關(guān)鍵詞浮于表面，從而沒(méi)有內(nèi)容發(fā)展或是無(wú)法將問(wèn)題進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。這是第二類口語(yǔ)陷阱，也是大部分考生在備考或是真實(shí)考試中都陷入的一個(gè)陷阱，使得最終流利度和邏輯性上都有一定的失分。

　　一個(gè)典型的問(wèn)題是針對(duì)part2話題Describe an antique or old thing in your family that you have kept for a long time中出現(xiàn)的part3問(wèn)題Which one do you prefer,old things or new things?通常被問(wèn)到這個(gè)話題，同學(xué)會(huì)一股腦的說(shuō)old things或者也有同學(xué)會(huì)回答new things, 要進(jìn)行深入描述的時(shí)候，很多同學(xué)都停下來(lái)不知道應(yīng)該如何繼續(xù)。究其原因，單單的從new和old這兩個(gè)詞上做文章，難度太大，范圍太廣。

　　同樣，旅游類話題中有這樣一個(gè)part3的問(wèn)題，Why do Chinesepeople like traveling abroad?話題確實(shí)可以用列舉法列出國(guó)外旅游的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但是同學(xué)除了能夠想到感受不同的文化以外，就很難有較有力的觀點(diǎn)。因此，不僅考生回答的長(zhǎng)度顯得比較短，考生與考生之間的觀點(diǎn)也是大相徑庭的。

　　突圍方法：歸納法;對(duì)比法

　　對(duì)于第二類口語(yǔ)陷阱，建議考生適當(dāng)使用歸納法和對(duì)比法進(jìn)行解答，這樣能夠有效避免口語(yǔ)沒(méi)有內(nèi)容可講且講不具體的問(wèn)題。

　　歸納法：

　　Whichone do you prefer, old things or new things?

　　事實(shí)上對(duì)于這道題目，只要大家能夠歸納一些新或者老物件就可以很好地作答了。

　　Newthings: cellphone (functional); clothes (fashionable); furniture (user-friendly)

　　有了上面的歸納，我們很快就可以構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的回答。

　　I will show my preference to new things. I mean the new cellphone and otherelectronic devices. They are more functional and smart. Also, compared with oldclothes, new clothes are more fashionable. As for stuff like new furniture,they are user-friendly. In this case, I prefer to new things to old ones.

　　對(duì)比法：

　　問(wèn)題Why do Chinese people like traveling abroad?我們?cè)谒伎嫉臅r(shí)候除了緊盯traveling abroad這個(gè)短語(yǔ)就事論事以外，還可以適當(dāng)使用對(duì)比法，它可以使得問(wèn)題迎刃而解。

　　Traveling abroad對(duì)比起來(lái)就是domestic traveling, 如果我們關(guān)注國(guó)外旅游的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并且指出國(guó)內(nèi)游的缺點(diǎn)，問(wèn)題解決的速度要遠(yuǎn)比指出國(guó)外游的兩到三個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)來(lái)的簡(jiǎn)單。

　　One possible reason is that overseas traveling is a good way for individuals to broaden their horizon. They can be acquainted with new culture and city well.However, for domestic traveling, it is usually quite crowded and noisy as most of people go sightseeing during the public holidays. I suppose, these are the main reasons why Chinese prefer to travel abroad.

　　總結(jié)：希望廣大考生對(duì)于口語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)的抽象詞匯引起重視，不要只就詞說(shuō)理，運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)臍w納將詞匯具體化，或是從話題的對(duì)立面出發(fā)進(jìn)行反證。這種構(gòu)思想法的速度要比單從問(wèn)題表象來(lái)回答更快。

　　口語(yǔ)陷阱三：答非所問(wèn)

　　在平時(shí)的練習(xí)中，同學(xué)們?cè)诨卮饐?wèn)題的時(shí)候一般都遵循直線思維，即對(duì)于問(wèn)題能夠快速具體地就一個(gè)論點(diǎn)進(jìn)行大段論述。由于自己的具體論述，考生對(duì)自己的表現(xiàn)通常都是比較滿意的，但是最終的口語(yǔ)成績(jī)卻并不是很如意。那是什么原因造成的呢?這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們就要考慮到考生的答案是不是按照考官的期望發(fā)展的，是否一不小心進(jìn)入了我們要說(shuō)的第三個(gè)陷阱：答非所問(wèn)。

　　如What occasions will people send flowers to others in your country?

　　In China, people usually send flowers to others on Valentine’s Day or Chinese Valentine’s Day. In most cases, boys will send a bunch of rose to their girlfriends. Of course, in my family, my father usually will prepare flowers to my mother to give her a great surprise. It is a good way to enhance their relationship.

　　雖然考生確實(shí)按照話題進(jìn)行了回答，但回答的重點(diǎn)跑偏了。問(wèn)題的重點(diǎn)是需要考生說(shuō)出不同的送花情境，但是考生回答卻單側(cè)重于情人節(jié)送花這一場(chǎng)合，并沒(méi)有對(duì)其它情境做出解釋，典型的答非所問(wèn)。

　　陷阱三的另一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是不按照關(guān)鍵詞回答，雖然內(nèi)容有一定的具體度，收集到了這樣一個(gè)答案：

　　What qualities should a big company have?

　　A big company should focus on the research and development of new products. Once the new products are developed, the company can stand out in a specific industry. It also means that the staff of the company are quite hardworking. I suppose these are important qualities for a big company.

　　雖然內(nèi)容上有一定的具體度，也說(shuō)明了大公司要努力的目標(biāo)，但是問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)是qualities,考生需要就這個(gè)詞直接回答問(wèn)題并且做出進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明。但是我們看到上面的回答并沒(méi)有讓我們明顯的了解大公司應(yīng)該具有的品質(zhì)。

　　突圍方法：列舉法

　　面對(duì)上述陷阱，考生要做到的是：從關(guān)鍵詞出發(fā)，直接回答考官的問(wèn)題。這里，建議大家使用列舉法進(jìn)行作答，把關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)點(diǎn)一一列舉。

　　如What occasions will people send flowers to others in your country?

　　這個(gè)問(wèn)題我們除了可以說(shuō)Valentine’s Day, 還可以說(shuō)慶?；蚴翘酵∪耍缓笤诿總€(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)上增加具體度即可。

　　In China, people usually send flower to others on special festivals like Valentine’s Day, Teachers’ Day and Mother’s day. Also, when the students successfully get their Master’s or Bachelor’s Degree, parents usually will send them flowers to congratulations to them. Nowadays, it is common for people to send flowers to friends or relative who are in hospital.

　　同樣，對(duì)于公司的品質(zhì)，我們可以用一些如innovative,far-sighted, cooperative這樣的詞來(lái)直接回答問(wèn)題。

　　What qualities should a big company have?

　　The important qualities for a big company are innovative and far-sighted. I mean the company is supposed to focus on the research and development of new products. Once the new products are developed, the company can stand out in as pecific industry. What’s more, a big company should be quite cooperative. That is too say, the employees of the company should cooperate with each other well and thus improving working efficiency.

　　總結(jié)：口語(yǔ)問(wèn)答中需要考生保持清醒的頭腦，按照關(guān)鍵詞回答問(wèn)題。答題方向和思路一定要在短時(shí)間內(nèi)理清。

　　口語(yǔ)陷阱四：固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)

　　固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)，顧名思義，頑固地堅(jiān)持自己的意見(jiàn)而不肯改變。在口語(yǔ)備考過(guò)程中，這是一個(gè)常出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題，主要出現(xiàn)在詞匯的表達(dá)上。很多考生當(dāng)缺少某個(gè)詞匯的時(shí)候，就容易停頓不前，抑或是跳過(guò)上句，直接開(kāi)始下句。這樣的行為不僅會(huì)讓考官摸不著頭腦，不理解邏輯，且由于長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的停頓，考生在流利度方面也會(huì)相應(yīng)的失分。除了在詞匯上，在想法構(gòu)思上很多同學(xué)也非常容易固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)，而停滯不前。這個(gè)是我們要說(shuō)的第四個(gè)陷阱。

　　最近有這么一道part3問(wèn)題：Are there any negative decisions of the leader in your country? 考生一考完試就覺(jué)得疑惑，考官為什么會(huì)問(wèn)政治方面的問(wèn)題呢?聽(tīng)完回答后，我們就可以理解為什么考生把這個(gè)問(wèn)題定義為政治性：當(dāng)要求說(shuō)一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人負(fù)面決策的時(shí)候，我們同學(xué)很快就有了答案，那就是：文革。這個(gè)確實(shí)是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的負(fù)面決策，但是說(shuō)起來(lái)是一個(gè)很長(zhǎng)的故事?？忌_信自己很幸運(yùn)地想到了一個(gè)正確的答案，但是苦于不知道如何回答，所以還是在這道題上表現(xiàn)不佳。

　　突圍方法：思維發(fā)散法

　　這個(gè)口語(yǔ)陷阱一旦陷進(jìn)去，就很難能夠擺脫。事實(shí)上，大家要把思維發(fā)散開(kāi)來(lái)，回答問(wèn)題的方法和方向有很多種，但是我們不能硬逼著自己從最困難的方面說(shuō)起，唯有將自己的思維再發(fā)散一些，我們才能找到更好的回答方法。

　　對(duì)于上述問(wèn)題，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的決策，通常都是關(guān)系到民生的，也就是我們所說(shuō)的衣食住行(clothes,food, housing and transport)。與其說(shuō)文革，我們就拿住房問(wèn)題來(lái)說(shuō)好了，近些年來(lái)，很多城市都有房屋拆遷這樣的政策，雖然說(shuō)是方便地方發(fā)展，但是確確實(shí)實(shí)很多老年人，當(dāng)他們從傳統(tǒng)房屋搬到公寓樓里后，生活顯得更加孤單。且很多家庭的生活成本也有所提高，他們需要自己買(mǎi)各種生活物品和食物，而不是靠自己種一些蔬菜水果來(lái)降低生活成本。從某些方面來(lái)說(shuō)，這也算是決策的負(fù)面性之一。

　　Are there any negative decisions of the leader in your country?

　　Well,yes. In recent years, many traditional houses have been demolished and most of the local habitants have to live in the apartment built by the local government. Even though it will benefit the local development, it is not a wise decision for most of the old people who once rely on the vegetables and fruit planted by them own. Also, they are lonelier than before. To some extent, these are negative decisions of the leader.

　　總結(jié)：面對(duì)雅思口語(yǔ)中的這一類陷阱，考生一定要保持清醒的頭腦，不要偏執(zhí)地從自己不擅長(zhǎng)的角度回答問(wèn)題?？谡Z(yǔ)考試首先要保證一定的流利度，其次再配合一定的邏輯思維，奇怪的想法會(huì)導(dǎo)致雙方面都失分。大家一定要多發(fā)散性的思考問(wèn)題，選取自己最擅長(zhǎng)的方式進(jìn)行作答。

　　口語(yǔ)陷阱五：照章辦事

　　所謂照章辦事，即按照規(guī)定辦理事情。考官拋出了問(wèn)題，考生就一定要找到對(duì)應(yīng)的答案，這個(gè)思維在考生中是非常普遍的。很多考生分類問(wèn)題難度的方法是：這個(gè)問(wèn)題我是否能夠找到答案。如果對(duì)于問(wèn)題，能夠找出答案，并且進(jìn)行一定長(zhǎng)度的回答，考生自然會(huì)覺(jué)得問(wèn)題的難度不大，起碼能夠說(shuō)下去。事實(shí)上，這也算是雅思口語(yǔ)的陷阱之一：照章辦事。照章辦事，找出答案并不是總能行得通的，口語(yǔ)考試更多的是需要學(xué)生能夠真正地跟考官進(jìn)行交流。

　　如Are there any gifts you are not into?

　　收集到了這樣的答案：

　　Yes.I hate people send me clock as a gift. It is due to the fact that clock is a taboo in our tradition. The meaning is not auspicious at all.

　　It is just like a kind of curse. So that is why I dislike it.

　　對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題的相似回答還有很多?？忌⒁獾氖牵嚎脊僭趩?wèn)答題的環(huán)節(jié)中，主要想了解大家語(yǔ)言水平的同時(shí)，也想進(jìn)一步了解考生本人。如果每個(gè)考生都用同樣的方式回答，那這個(gè)問(wèn)題就顯得沒(méi)有任何意義了。

　　突圍方法：實(shí)事求是法

　　要在雅思口語(yǔ)中展現(xiàn)自己真實(shí)的一面，建議大家實(shí)事求是，從自己的實(shí)際出發(fā)進(jìn)行問(wèn)題解答。

　　如上述問(wèn)題，如果確實(shí)有不喜歡的禮物，考生大可以從個(gè)人經(jīng)歷出發(fā)，表達(dá)自己的興趣和偏愛(ài)。

　　Are there any gifts you are not into?

　　Yes,there are. In my memory, I received at least three reference books from my aunt when I was in senior high school. I was so frustrated at that time. To tell you the truth, my parents had already bought me the similar books and I was looking forward to receiving gifts that were interesting and attractive. Thus, I was no pleased with them.

　　總結(jié)：對(duì)于這樣一類問(wèn)題，建議大家從實(shí)際出發(fā)，實(shí)事求是地回答問(wèn)題。這樣不僅更真實(shí)，而且更能夠讓考官感受到不一樣的你。如果可以，希望考生能從實(shí)際出發(fā)進(jìn)行話題解答，切記不要掉進(jìn)雅思口語(yǔ)的“問(wèn)答”陷阱。

　　以上是本文想要指出的五類雅思口語(yǔ)陷阱，希望廣大考生在備考過(guò)程中能夠針對(duì)這幾類可能的陷阱，著重按照突圍方法進(jìn)行練習(xí)，以增加流利度，增強(qiáng)邏輯性。預(yù)祝大家能夠在考試中取得理想的成績(jī)。