中華人民共和國合同法 重點條文（雙語）

第八條　【依合同履行義務(wù)原則】依法成立的合同，對當事人具有法律約束力。當事人應(yīng)當按照約定履行自己的義務(wù)，不得擅自變更或者解除合同。依法成立的合同，受法律保護。

Article 8   A lawfully established contract shall be legally binding on the parties thereto, each of whom shall perform its own obligations in accordance with the terms of the contract, and no party shall unilaterally modify or terminate the contract. The contract established according to law is protected by law.

第二十九條　【遲到的承諾】受要約人在承諾期限內(nèi)發(fā)出承諾，按照通常情形能夠及時到達要約人，但因其他原因承諾到達要約人時超過承諾期限的，除要約人及時通知受要約人因承諾超過期限不接受該承諾的以外，該承諾有效。

Article 29   If the offeree dispatched the acceptance within the time limit specified for acceptance, and under normal circumstances the acceptance would have reached the offeror in due time, but due to other reasons the acceptance reaches the offeror after the time limit for acceptance has expired,such acceptance shall be effective, unless the offeror notifies the offeree in a timely manner that it does not accept the acceptance due to the failure of the acceptance to arrive within the time limit.


第六十一條　【合同約定不明的補救】合同生效后，當事人就質(zhì)量、價款或者報酬、履行地點等內(nèi)容沒有約定或者約定不明確的，可以協(xié)議補充；不能達成補充協(xié)議的，按照合同有關(guān)條款或者交易習慣確定。

Article 61 Where, after the contract becomes effective, there is no agreement in the contract between the parties on such contents as quality, price or remuneration, or place of performance etc., or such agreement is ambiguous, the parties may agree upon supplementary terms through consultation; if a supplementary agreement cannot be reached, such terms shall be determined in accordance with the relevant provisions of the contract or the transaction practices.

第六十二條　【合同約定不明時的履行】當事人就有關(guān)合同內(nèi)容約定不明確，依照本法第六十一條的規(guī)定仍不能確定的，適用下列規(guī)定：
Article 62 Where certain contents agreed upon by the parties in the contract are ambiguous and cannot be determined in accordance with the provisions in Article 61 of this Law, the following provisions shall be applied:

（一）質(zhì)量要求不明確的，按照國家標準、行業(yè)標準履行；沒有國家標準、行業(yè)標準的，按照通常標準或者符合合同目的的特定標準履行。
(1) if quality requirement is not clear, performance shall be in accordance with the state standard or industry standard; absent any state or industry standard, performance shall be in accordance with the customary standard or any particular standard consistent with the purpose of the contract;

（二）價款或者報酬不明確的，按照訂立合同時履行地的市場價格履行；依法應(yīng)當執(zhí)行政府定價或者政府指導價的，按照規(guī)定履行。
(2) if price or remuneration is not clear, performance shall be in accordance with the prevailing market price at the place of performance at the time the contract was concluded, and if adoption of a price commissioned by the government or based on government issued pricing guidelines is required by law, such requirement applies;

（三）履行地點不明確，給付貨幣的，在接受貨幣一方所在地履行；交付不動產(chǎn)的，在不動產(chǎn)所在地履行；其他標的，在履行義務(wù)一方所在地履行。
(3) where the place of performance is not clear, if the obligation is payment of money,performance shall be at the place where the payee is located; if the obligation is delivery of immovable property, performance shall be at the place where the immovable property is located;for any other subject matter, performance shall be effected at the place of location of the party fulfilling the obligations.

（四）履行期限不明確的，債務(wù)人可以隨時履行，債權(quán)人也可以隨時要求履行，但應(yīng)當給對方必要的準備時間。
(4) if the time of performance is not clear, the obligor may perform, and the obligee may require performance, at any time, provided that the other party shall be given the time required for preparation;

（五）履行方式不明確的，按照有利于實現(xiàn)合同目的的方式履行。
(5) if the method of performance is not clear, performance shall be rendered in a manner which is conducive to realizing the purpose of the contract;

（六）履行費用的負擔不明確的，由履行義務(wù)一方負擔。
(6) if the responsibility for the expenses of performance is not clear, the party fulfilling the obligations shall bear the expenses.


第六十八條　【不安抗辯權(quán)】應(yīng)當先履行債務(wù)的當事人，有確切證據(jù)證明對方有下列情形之一的，可以中止履行：
Article 68 The party required to perform first may suspend its performance if it has conclusive evidence showing that the other party is under any of the following circumstances:

（一）經(jīng)營狀況嚴重惡化；

(1) its business has seriously deteriorated;

（二）轉(zhuǎn)移財產(chǎn)、抽逃資金，以逃避債務(wù)；
(2) it has engaged in transfer of assets or withdrawal of funds for the purpose of evading debts;

（三）喪失商業(yè)信譽；
(3) it has lost its business creditworthiness;

（四）有喪失或者可能喪失履行債務(wù)能力的其他情形。
(4) it is in any other circumstance which will or may cause it to lose its ability to perform.

當事人沒有確切證據(jù)中止履行的，應(yīng)當承擔違約責任。
Where a party suspends performance without conclusive evidence, it shall be liable for breach of contract.

第九十條　【新當事人的概括承受】當事人訂立合同后合并的，由合并后的法人或者其他組織行使合同權(quán)利，履行合同義務(wù)。當事人訂立合同后分立的，除債權(quán)人和債務(wù)人另有約定的以外，由分立的法人或者其他組織對合同的權(quán)利和義務(wù)享有連帶債權(quán)，承擔連帶債務(wù)。

Article 90   Where a party is merged after the contract has been concluded, the legal person or other organization established after the merger shall exercise the rights and obligations thereunder. Unless otherwise agreed upon by the obligor and obligee, the legal persons or other organizations that exist after the division shall jointly enjoy the rights and jointly assume the obligations under the contract.

第九十四條　【合同的法定解除】有下列情形之一的，當事人可以解除合同：
Article 94 The parties to a contract may terminate the contract under any of the following circumstances:

（一）因不可抗力致使不能實現(xiàn)合同目的；
(1) it is rendered impossible to achieve the purpose of contract due to an event of force majeure;

（二）在履行期限屆滿之前，當事人一方明確表示或者以自己的行為表明不履行主要債務(wù)；
(2) prior to the expiration of the period of performance, the other party expressly states, or indicates through its conduct, that it will not perform its main obligation;

（三）當事人一方遲延履行主要債務(wù)，經(jīng)催告后在合理期限內(nèi)仍未履行；
(3) the other party delayed performance of its main obligation after such performance has been demand, and fails to perform within a reasonable period;

（四）當事人一方遲延履行債務(wù)或者有其他違約行為致使不能實現(xiàn)合同目的；
(4) the other party delays performance of its obligations, or breaches the contract in some other manner, rendering it impossible to achieve the purpose of the contract;

（五）法律規(guī)定的其他情形。
(5) other circumstance as provided by law.

第一百一十一條　【瑕疵履行】質(zhì)量不符合約定的，應(yīng)當按照當事人的約定承擔違約責任。對違約責任沒有約定或者約定不明確，依照本法第六十一條的規(guī)定仍不能確定的，受損害方根據(jù)標的的性質(zhì)以及損失的大小，可以合理選擇要求對方承擔修理、更換、重作、退貨、減少價款或者報酬等違約責任。

Article 111    Where the quality fails to satisfy the agreement, the breach of contract damages shall be borne in the manner as agreed upon by the parties. Where there is no agreement in the contract on the liability for breach of contract or such agreement is unclear, nor can it be determined in accordance with the provisions of Article 61 of this Law, the damaged party may, in light of the nature of the subject matter and the degree of loss, reasonably choose to request the other party to bear the liabilities for the breach of contract such as repairing, substituting, reworking, returning the goods, or reducing the price or remuneration.

第一百四十一條　【交付的地點】出賣人應(yīng)當按照約定的地點交付標的物。
當事人沒有約定交付地點或者約定不明確，依照本法第六十一條的規(guī)定仍不能確定的，適用下列規(guī)定：
Article 141 The seller shall deliver the subject matter at the agreed place.
Where there is no agreement between the parties as to the place to deliver the subject matter or such agreement is not clear, nor can it be determined according to the provisions of Article 61 of this Law, the following provisions shall be applied:

（一）標的物需要運輸?shù)?，出賣人應(yīng)當將標的物交付給第一承運人以運交給買受人；
(1) if the subject matter needs carriage, the seller shall deliver the subject matter to the first carrier so as to hand it over to the buyer;

（二）標的物不需要運輸，出賣人和買受人訂立合同時知道標的物在某一地點的，出賣人應(yīng)當在該地點交付標的物；不知道標的物在某一地點的，應(yīng)當在出賣人訂立合同時的營業(yè)地交付標的物。
(2) if the subject matter does not need carriage, and the seller and buyer know the place of the subject matter when concluding the contract, the seller shall deliver the subject matter at such place; if the place is unknown, the subject matter shall be delivered at the business place of the seller when concluding the contract.

第一百六十六條　【分批交付標的物的合同解除】出賣人分批交付標的物的，出賣人對其中一批標的物不交付或者交付不符合約定，致使該批標的物不能實現(xiàn)合同目的的，買受人可以就該批標的物解除。
Article 166 Where the seller is to deliver the subject matter in installments, if the seller fails to deliver one installment of the subject matter or the delivery fails to satisfy the terms of the contract so that the said installment cannot realize the contract purpose, the buyer may terminate the portion of the contract in respect thereof.

出賣人不交付其中一批標的物或者交付不符合約定，致使今后其他各批標的物的交付不能實現(xiàn)合同目的的，買受人可以就該批以及今后其他各批標的物解除。
If the seller fails to deliver one installment of the subject matter or the delivery fails to satisfy the terms of the contract so that the delivery of the subsequent installments of subject matter can not realize the contract purpose, the buyer may terminate the portion of the contract in respect of such installment as well as any subsequent installment.

買受人如果就其中一批標的物解除，該批標的物與其他各批標的物相互依存的，可以就已經(jīng)交付和未交付的各批標的物解除。
If the buyer is to terminate the portion of the contract in respect of a particular installment which is interdependent with all other installments, it may terminate the contract in respect of all delivered and undelivered installments.