全球首個(gè)人類堆肥設(shè)施將于2021年投入使用

全球首個(gè)人類堆肥設(shè)施將于2021年投入使用

When a human being's time is up, in Western countries we generally have two main options for our mortal remains - burial or cremation. Now, a world-first facility has been set up to offer a unique alternative ritual to traditional choices: compost.

當(dāng)一個(gè)人的時(shí)間到了，在西方國家，我們通常有兩種主要的選擇——埋葬或火化?，F(xiàn)在，一個(gè)世界第一的設(shè)施已經(jīng)建立起來，為傳統(tǒng)的選擇提供一個(gè)獨(dú)特的替代儀式:堆肥。

Recompose, which is scheduled to begin operations in Seattle, Washington in 2021, bills itself as the world's first human composting facility, offering to gently convert human remains into soil, in a process it calls "recomposition" or "natural organic reduction".

Recompose計(jì)劃于2021年在華盛頓州西雅圖開始運(yùn)作，自稱是世界上第一家人類堆肥設(shè)施，提供將人類遺骸溫和地轉(zhuǎn)化成土壤的方法，該過程被稱為“重組”或“自然有機(jī)還原”。

The company, a public benefit corporation led by founder Katrina Spade, has been in the works for years, but became a legally viable service this year when Washington passed a historic bill to become the first US state to allow human composting.

該公司是由其創(chuàng)始人卡特里娜?斯佩德領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一家公益公司，多年來一直在籌備中，但今年華盛頓通過了一項(xiàng)具有歷史意義的法案，成為美國第一個(gè)允許人類堆肥的州。

The law goes into effect in May 2020, enabling what Spade calls a "death-care revolution", in which bodies of the deceased will transform into soil in the company's reusable, hexagonal 'Recomposition Vessels'.

這部法律將于2020年5月生效，從而開啟了斯佩德所稱的“死亡關(guān)懷革命”，在這場(chǎng)革命中，逝者的遺體將在該公司可重復(fù)使用的六邊形“重組容器”中轉(zhuǎn)化為土壤。

The process draws upon the traditional principles of natural or 'green' burials, but takes place inside the reusable vessels, rather than being permanently interred at the same time.

這一過程借鑒了傳統(tǒng)的自然或“綠色”埋葬的原則，但在可重復(fù)使用的容器中進(jìn)行，而不是同時(shí)永久埋葬。

Bodies are covered with wood chips and aerated, providing the perfect environment for naturally occurring microbes and beneficial bacteria, Recompose's web site explains.

Recompose網(wǎng)站解釋說:“尸體上覆蓋著木屑，并通了氣，為自然產(chǎn)生的微生物和有益細(xì)菌提供了完美的環(huán)境。”

Over the span of about 30 days, the body is fully transformed, creating soil which can then be used to grow new life.

“在大約30天的時(shí)間里，身體完全改變了，創(chuàng)造了土壤，然后可以用來生長新的生命。”

Once the composting process is complete, family and friends of the departed are encouraged to take some or all of the cubic yard of soil generated per person (amounting to several wheelbarrows of soil), and can use it to grow their own gardens, with remaining soil being used for conservation purposes.

堆肥過程完成后,離開家人和朋友的鼓勵(lì)部分或全部立方碼人均產(chǎn)生的土壤(土壤達(dá)幾個(gè)手推車),并可以使用它來增長自己的花園,剩下的土壤是用于保護(hù)目的。

Conservation aims are a linchpin of the company's overall purpose – and the law that will let companies like Recompose operate – designed to provide a more environmentally friendly end-of-life ritual than burying embalmed corpses in wooden caskets, or burning remains in cremation, which is energy intensive due to the high temperatures required, and produces carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.

保護(hù)目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵在于公司的整體的目的,這樣的法律會(huì)讓公司重組操作,旨在提供一個(gè)更環(huán)保的臨終儀式將經(jīng)過防腐處理的尸體埋在木制棺材,或者燃燒仍在火葬,這是能源密集型由于所需的高溫,并產(chǎn)生二氧化碳(CO2)排放。

Recompose estimates each person who chooses their organic reduction process (at a fee of about US$5,500) over cremation or conventional burial will save a metric tonne of CO2, thanks to the carbon sequestration which occurs at different points throughout the process. Not to mention the benefits of producing useful soil, rather than taking up limited land.

Recompose估計(jì)，每個(gè)選擇有機(jī)減碳過程(費(fèi)用約為5500美元)而非火化或傳統(tǒng)掩埋的人，將節(jié)省1公噸的二氧化碳，因?yàn)樵谡麄€(gè)過程的不同階段都會(huì)發(fā)生碳封存。更不用說生產(chǎn)有用的土壤，而不是占用有限的土地。

I think one of the things for me, in addition to [the] carbon savings, is just having a way to create useable soil, Spade told Citylab in January.

今年1月，斯佩德在接受Citylab采訪時(shí)表示:“對(duì)我來說，除了能節(jié)省碳排放，還有一件事就是能夠創(chuàng)造出可用的土壤。”

Something that you can go grow a tree with and have sort of this ritual around that feels meaningful.

“你可以帶著這些東西去種一棵樹，并在周圍做一些有意義的儀式。”