三位數(shù)的熱線電話在預(yù)防自殺上發(fā)揮了積極作用

3-Digit Hotlines Have Played An Active Role In Suicide Prevention

三位數(shù)的熱線電話在預(yù)防自殺上發(fā)揮了積極作用

The Federal Communications Commission is proposing to launch a new three-digit hotline for people who are feeling suicidal or are going through any other mental health crisis. It recommends making 988 the new national number to call for help, replacing the current 10-digit number.

美國(guó)聯(lián)邦通信委員會(huì)計(jì)劃為有自殺傾向或正經(jīng)歷其他任何精神健康危機(jī)的人開通一條新的三位數(shù)熱線。它建議為新的全國(guó)求助電話號(hào)碼設(shè)置為988，取代目前的10位數(shù)號(hào)碼。

The agency presented the idea to Congress in a report earlier this month and is expected to release more information and seek public comment about the proposal in the coming months.

該機(jī)構(gòu)本月早些時(shí)候在一份報(bào)告中向國(guó)會(huì)提出了這一想法，預(yù)計(jì)將在未來幾個(gè)月發(fā)布更多信息，并征求公眾對(duì)該提議的意見。

Mental health advocates are excited about the proposal. They say it will make it easier for people in crisis to seek help, but caution that effective implementation could be costly, as the move could increase the need for staff to answer calls.

精神健康倡導(dǎo)者對(duì)這一提議感到興奮。他們表示，這對(duì)于處在危機(jī)中的人們更容易尋求幫助，但他們警告，有效實(shí)施（該提議）可能代價(jià)高昂，因?yàn)榇伺e可能增加工作人員接聽電話的需要。

"This is a great idea," says Madelyn Gould, a psychiatrist at Columbia University and an expert on suicide prevention.

“這是個(gè)好主意，”哥倫比亞大學(xué)精神病學(xué)家、自殺預(yù)防專家瑪?shù)铝?middot;古爾德說。

The current National Suicide Prevention Lifeline number — 1-800-273-TALK or 1-800-273-8255 — can be difficult for people to remember in the midst of a crisis, she says.

她說，目前全國(guó)預(yù)防自殺生命線的號(hào)碼是1-800-273-TALK或1-800-273-8255，處于危機(jī)的人們可能很難記住。

"People can have a cognitive shutdown or blank, as any of us do, when we can't remember things during times of extreme stress," she says.

她說:“當(dāng)我們?cè)跇O度壓力下記不住事情的時(shí)候，就會(huì)像我們所有人一樣，出現(xiàn)認(rèn)知障礙或大腦一片空白。”

Having a three-digit hotline, she says, will "facilitate people's access to care at times when they are in dire need."

她說，擁有一個(gè)三位數(shù)的熱線電話，將“有助于人們?cè)诩毙钑r(shí)獲得醫(yī)療服務(wù)”。

Her research shows that the current suicide prevention lifeline can save lives — that when people who are feeling suicidal call and talk to someone, they do tend to feel better.

她的研究表明，目前的預(yù)防自殺生命線可以挽救生命——當(dāng)有自殺傾向的人打電話和別人交談時(shí)，他們往往會(huì)感覺更好。

And the existing number is being used by a large number of people. In 2018, the lifeline answered more than 2 million calls, up from about 46,000 in 2005, according to the report submitted by the FCC. Gould thinks a three-digit hotline will make it easier for more people to call.

現(xiàn)有的號(hào)碼正在被大量的人使用。根據(jù)聯(lián)邦通信委員會(huì)提交的報(bào)告，2018年，這條生命線接聽了200多萬個(gè)電話，高于2005年的4.6萬個(gè)。古爾德認(rèn)為，一個(gè)三位數(shù)的熱線電話將使更多的人更容易打電話。

Gould cautions that just launching a new three-digit hotline isn't enough.

古爾德警告說，僅僅開通一個(gè)新的三位數(shù)熱線是不夠的。

"The only way this is going to work is if additional services are funded," she says.

她說:“唯一可行的辦法是為額外的服務(wù)提供資金。”

Calls to the current Suicide Prevention Lifeline are handled by a patchwork of more than 160 crisis centers around the country. Each center has its own — often local, or regional — source of funding, and some centers are better resourced than others. Calls are usually taken by trained volunteers at these crisis centers, although some centers also employ clinicians.

目前，全國(guó)有160多個(gè)危機(jī)處理中心在處理針對(duì)自預(yù)防殺生命線的電話。每個(gè)中心都有自己的資金來源，通常是當(dāng)?shù)鼗虻貐^(qū)的，而且有些中心的資源比其他中心更好。這些危機(jī)中心的電話通常由訓(xùn)練有素的志愿者接聽，盡管一些中心也雇傭臨床醫(yī)生。

Allie Franklin, the executive director of Crisis Connections, one of the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline centers in Washington, says she expects a surge in calls when the national 988 number becomes available — and that's a good thing.

位于華盛頓的全國(guó)自殺預(yù)防生命線中心之一的危機(jī)聯(lián)系中心的執(zhí)行主任艾麗·富蘭克林說，她預(yù)計(jì)當(dāng)全國(guó)988號(hào)碼接通時(shí)，電話量將會(huì)激增，這是一件好事。

"But how do we make sure we always have additional funding to make sure we always have someone answering the line?" she asks.

“但是我們?nèi)绾未_保我們總是有額外的資金來確保我們總是有人接聽電話呢?”她問道。

If individual crisis centers don't receive additional funding to increase their staff and volunteers, callers might be left waiting, and feeling discouraged and helpless, she adds.

她補(bǔ)充說，如果各個(gè)危機(jī)中心沒有得到額外的資金來增加工作人員和志愿者，打電話的人可能沮喪和無助地等在那里。

The FCC reports that the current system is challenged by "rising call volume and uneven coverage in many states."

美國(guó)聯(lián)邦通信委員會(huì)報(bào)告說，目前的系統(tǒng)面臨著“呼叫量不斷增加和許多州覆蓋不均”的挑戰(zhàn)。

"We know that it's really important for people to get live answers very quickly when they call one of these numbers," says Franklin.

富蘭克林說:“我們知道，當(dāng)人們撥打其中一個(gè)號(hào)碼時(shí)，迅速得到實(shí)時(shí)答案是非常重要的。”

"At Crisis Connections, we strive to answer the line within 30 seconds. And so someone doesn't have to wait for for very long at all before they get a live answer."

“在與危機(jī)的連線中，我們努力在30秒內(nèi)接好電話。所以有些人根本不用等很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就能得到一個(gè)真實(shí)的答案。”

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