未滿(mǎn)18歲不能在社交媒體點(diǎn)贊

在社交網(wǎng)站上給熱帖點(diǎn)贊是再平常不過(guò)的一件事了，然而最近英國(guó)有一項(xiàng)新規(guī)提議，未滿(mǎn)18歲的用戶(hù)將不能在臉書(shū)及Instagram等社交媒體上給喜歡的帖子點(diǎn)贊，以使他們免遭社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響。

這對(duì)于“點(diǎn)贊黨”來(lái)說(shuō)，可是個(gè)壞消息。

 

 

Silhouettes of mobile users are seen next to a screen projection of Facebook logo in this picture illustration taken March 28, 2018. [PhotoAgencies]

Instagram and Facebook likes could be banned for young people, under new rules that attempt to protect children's safety on the internet.

英國(guó)出臺(tái)保護(hù)未成年人網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全新規(guī)定，今后未成年人將不能在Ins和臉書(shū)上點(diǎn)贊。

A new report from the British Information Commissioner's Office suggests that those features and other techniques that "nudge" users into engaging with the site should be switched off. The features encourage them to stay online longer and so could damage their well being, the major report suggests.

英國(guó)信息專(zhuān)員辦公室的一份最新報(bào)告建議，這些迫使用戶(hù)沉迷于社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的功能和其他技術(shù)應(yīng)向未成年人關(guān)閉。這些網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能鼓勵(lì)未成年人花更多時(shí)間上網(wǎng)，對(duì)身心健康不利。

The report also suggests that such features should be banned entirely on websites that can't be sure whether or not their users are under-18. The suggested rules on likes are just one of a whole range of wide-ranging changes to the way social media sites could work.

這份報(bào)告還建議說(shuō)，如果網(wǎng)站無(wú)法確定使用者的年齡是否小于18歲，應(yīng)全面禁止這些功能。關(guān)于社交網(wǎng)站點(diǎn)贊的規(guī)定只是一系列社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)新規(guī)的一部分。

The changes have already been attacked by critics who suggested they were patronizing and could end with everyone being treated as children.

這些新規(guī)被批評(píng)人士抨擊，他們認(rèn)為這些規(guī)定是在監(jiān)視所有人，最終會(huì)導(dǎo)致每個(gè)人都被當(dāng)做兒童一樣對(duì)待。

The code, which begins its consultation process on Monday and is hailed as an international benchmark, suggests 16 standards that online services must meet.

這項(xiàng)準(zhǔn)則提出了16項(xiàng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)必須遵守的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，被視為國(guó)際性參考準(zhǔn)則，在本周一進(jìn)入咨詢(xún)程序。

These include that settings must be set to "high privacy" by default without a compelling reason and that only the minimum amount of personal data should be collected.

其中包括，在沒(méi)有不可抗拒的理由的情況下，社交媒體的默認(rèn)設(shè)置必須是“高度隱私”等級(jí)，且只能收集用戶(hù)最少量的個(gè)人信息。

by default：默認(rèn)情況下

Nudge techniques should also not be used to encourage children to turn off privacy techniques or provide unnecessary personal data, the code says.

另外，社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)不得使用推送技術(shù)來(lái)鼓勵(lì)兒童關(guān)閉隱私功能，或提供不必要的個(gè)人信息。

nudge[n?d?]：n.推動(dòng);沒(méi)完沒(méi)了抱怨的人

Information Commissioner Elizabeth Denham said: "This is the connected generation. The internet and all its wonders are hardwired into their everyday lives.

信息專(zhuān)員伊麗莎白-德漢姆說(shuō)：“這是互聯(lián)的一代，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)及其吸引人的產(chǎn)品與他們的日常生活密不可分。”

"We shouldn't have to prevent our children from being able to use it, but we must demand that they are protected when they do. This code does that."

“我們不應(yīng)該禁止孩子們使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，但我們必須要求他們?cè)谏暇W(wǎng)時(shí)受到保護(hù)。這一準(zhǔn)則就是為了這個(gè)目的出臺(tái)的。”

Welcoming the proposals, the NSPCC said social networks had "continually failed to prioritize child safety in their design" resulting in "tragic consequences".

英國(guó)全國(guó)防止虐待兒童學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)這項(xiàng)提議表示歡迎，并稱(chēng)社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)“一直沒(méi)能在設(shè)計(jì)中優(yōu)先考慮兒童安全”，導(dǎo)致“悲劇性后果”。

"That's why it is vital this code requires children to be given the highest privacy settings by default and forces firms to act in the best interest of children," the charity's associate head of child safety online, Andy Burrows, said.

該學(xué)會(huì)兒童網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全副部長(zhǎng)安迪-巴羅斯說(shuō)：“這也是為什么新規(guī)要求兒童有最高等級(jí)的默認(rèn)隱私設(shè)置如此重要，這促使各公司的產(chǎn)品符合兒童的最大利益。”

Beeban Kidron, chairwoman of the 5Rights Foundation, said the code represents "the beginning of a new deal between children and the tech sector".

5權(quán)利基金會(huì)的主席比班-基德龍說(shuō)，這一新規(guī)代表著“兒童與科技公司之間‘新政’的開(kāi)端。”

"For too long we have failed to recognize children's rights and needs online, with tragic outcomes," she said.

她說(shuō)：“長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)，我們都忽視了兒童的網(wǎng)絡(luò)權(quán)利和需求，導(dǎo)致了悲劇性的后果。”

"I firmly believe in the power of technology to transform lives, be a force for good and rise to the challenge of promoting the rights and safety of our children.

“我堅(jiān)信科技改變生活的力量，這是一種向好的力量，能應(yīng)對(duì)提升兒童權(quán)利和安全的挑戰(zhàn)。”

"But in order to fulfill that role, it must consider the best interests of children, not simply its own commercial interests.

“但為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)，必須要考慮孩子們的最大利益，而不是僅僅考慮商業(yè)利益。”

"That is what the code will require online services to do. This is a systemic change."

“這也是新規(guī)要求互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司去做的，這是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)性的改變。”

The ICO's draft code was not universally welcomed, with the Adam Smith Institute saying it should be up to parents to keep their children safe online.

英國(guó)信息專(zhuān)員辦公室的這項(xiàng)草案也受到一些非議，亞當(dāng)斯密協(xié)會(huì)稱(chēng)，保證孩子的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全是家長(zhǎng)的責(zé)任。

The think tank's head of research, Matthew Lesh, criticized the proposal to set privacy settings at their highest by default.

這家智庫(kù)的研究負(fù)責(zé)人馬修-樂(lè)什批評(píng)了設(shè)置隱私默認(rèn)最高等級(jí)的建議。

He said: "The ICO is an unelected quango introducing draconian limitations on the internet with the threat of massive fines.

他說(shuō)：“英國(guó)信息專(zhuān)員辦公室是一家未經(jīng)選舉產(chǎn)生的半官方機(jī)構(gòu)，卻以巨額罰款為威脅引入如此嚴(yán)苛的網(wǎng)絡(luò)限制。”

quango ['kwæ?ɡo]：n.半官方機(jī)構(gòu)

draconian[dr?'kon??n]：adj.嚴(yán)厲的，苛刻的

"It is ridiculous to infantilize people and treat everyone as children."

“把每個(gè)人都當(dāng)小孩子一樣看待極其愚蠢。”

infantilize[?n'fænt?la?z]：vt.使幼兒化;將當(dāng)作幼兒對(duì)待

The consultation is out until May 31 and the final version is expected to come into effect by 2020.

咨詢(xún)期將至5月31日截止，最終版規(guī)定將在2020年開(kāi)始實(shí)施。