動物遇險，我們是否應(yīng)該伸出援手？

When we see a person in distress, our immediate reaction is to lend a hand. Not to do so would be a moral failure.

當(dāng)我們看到有人遇險時，第一反應(yīng)就是伸出援手。否則便會于心不安。

But what if we see an animal in distress, does the same logic apply?

但如果是我們看到動物遇險，同樣的邏輯是否還成立呢?

This question was raised following the “rescue” of a group of penguins from an icy gully in Antarctica. It was filmed for the BBC wildlife series Dynasties.

當(dāng)一群企鵝從南極洲的冰峽谷中獲救后，這個問題引發(fā)了關(guān)注。BBC野生動物紀(jì)錄片《王朝》拍下了這一過程。

The film crew was alarmed when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. The crew dug a shallow ramp so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.

拍攝人員看到一群企鵝及其幼崽墜入峽谷，一同被困谷底，感到十分擔(dān)憂。他們鑿出了一段坡道，讓一些被困企鵝能夠自救。

The case has taken the international media by storm. Viewers watching this episode let out a sigh of relief on social media. “I’m so glad. I understand not getting directly involved, but a helping hand isn’t interfering, right?” viewer Kathryn Shaw tweeted.

這件事席卷了全球媒體。觀看完這一集后，觀眾們在社交媒體上松了一口氣。“我很開心。我明白不能直接干預(yù)，但伸出援手并不算干預(yù)，對吧?”觀眾凱瑟琳·肖發(fā)推表示。

However, others think that human intervention is unnatural. It’s an unwritten rule among documentary filmmakers that they are there to observe, not to participate, according to CBS News. For example, in another episode of Dynasties, David the chimpanzee, was left to die after he was filmed being beaten up by other chimps.

然而，有些人卻認(rèn)為人類的干預(yù)并沒有尊重自然法則。據(jù)哥倫比亞廣播公司新聞報道，紀(jì)錄片拍攝者中有條不成文的規(guī)定：現(xiàn)場觀察，并不介入。比如，在《王朝》的另一集中，黑猩猩大衛(wèi)被拍到遭到其他猩猩的毆打，最后只能等待死亡。

“Tragedy is a part of life. You can’t have sunshine throughout your life. To have done anything else would only make matters worse and distort the truth,” said the show’s creator David Attenborough, according to The Times.

“悲劇是生活的一部分。生活中不可能總是充滿陽光。做其他事情干預(yù)只會讓情況變得更糟，扭曲事實(shí)，”據(jù)《泰晤士報》報道，該節(jié)目的創(chuàng)作者大衛(wèi)·阿滕伯勒如此表示。

In this case, however, Mike Gunton, the executive producer of the series, said that this was a one-off situation. “There were no animals going to suffer by intervening. It wasn’t dangerous. You weren’t touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this... they had the opportunity to not have to keep slipping down the slope,” he told the BBC.

然而，就此次事件，該紀(jì)錄片的執(zhí)行制片人邁克·岡頓表示這只是個案。“沒有動物會因為干預(yù)行為而受到傷害。這并不危險，你并沒有觸碰到它們，這么做讓它們能有機(jī)會逃出生天，”他在接受BBC采訪時表示。

Such cases are familiar to Paul Nicklen, wildlife photographer for National Geographic.

美國《國家地理》雜志的野生動物攝影師保羅·尼克倫對類似的情況并不陌生。

“I have a practical view when it comes to the natural rhythm of life,” he told Metro. “If it’s ever a predator situation, no matter how gut-wrenching, you stay out of the way. Even when you are watching a male polar bear eat a cub.”

“在生命的自然韻律方面，我有著一套實(shí)踐觀，”他在接受《地鐵報》采訪時表示。“如果是在捕食者的狩獵現(xiàn)場，不論場面有多么驚心動魄，你也不能插手干預(yù)。哪怕是目睹一只雄性北極熊吞食幼獸。”

But he said that he would help animals if he saw no real gain or disruption to the ecosystem.

但他表示，只要不會為生態(tài)系統(tǒng)帶來實(shí)質(zhì)性的好處或者造成破壞，他會出手相助。

Indeed, there will always be two sides to the coin, and human beings will forever be conflicted in such circumstances. “There’s no rule book in those situations. You can only respond to the facts that are right there in front of you,” Will Lawson, the show’s director, told Daily Mail.

的確，一切事物都會有兩面性，人們面對這種情況將會繼續(xù)爭執(zhí)下去。“面對這些情況并沒有明文規(guī)定。你只能應(yīng)對面前出現(xiàn)的客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)，”該節(jié)目導(dǎo)演威爾·勞森在接受《每日郵報》采訪時表示。