孕婦胎盤現(xiàn)有毒煙塵顆粒

Tiny particles of soot breathed in by pregnant women have been found in the womb, where they can harm the growing baby, research shows.

研究表明，孕婦吸入的有毒煙塵顆粒在她們的子宮里被發(fā)現(xiàn)，而這很有可能會(huì)傷害正在發(fā)育的胎兒。

Air pollution has long been linked to a lower birth weight, higher infant mortality and childhood respiratory problems such as asthma.

長期以來，空氣污染都被認(rèn)為與較低的新生兒體重、較高的嬰兒死亡率以及兒童呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病有關(guān)。

Now a study, carried out after women gave birth, has found soot particles in the placenta.

現(xiàn)在，一項(xiàng)在婦女分娩后進(jìn)行的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，胎盤里有污染顆粒。

This raises the possibility that the poisonous black particles could reach the foetus, the authors said.

研究的作者稱，這增加了有毒黑色粒子傷害胎兒的可能性。

The research, by a team from Queen Mary University of London, was presented to the European Respiratory Society International Congress in Paris.

這項(xiàng)研究是由英國倫敦大學(xué)瑪麗皇后學(xué)院的一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)主導(dǎo)的，并在于巴黎舉行的歐洲呼吸學(xué)會(huì)國際大會(huì)上對(duì)外公布。

Dr Lisa Miyashita, a post-doctoral researcher, said: 'We've known for a while that air pollution affects foetal development and can continue to affect babies after birth and throughout their lives. We were interested to see if these effects could be due to pollution particles moving from the mother's lungs to the placenta. Until now, there has been very little evidence that inhaled particles get into the blood from the lung.'

博士后研究員麗莎·宮崎表示：“我們?cè)缇椭揽諝馕廴緯?huì)影響胎兒的發(fā)育，并且在嬰兒出生后繼續(xù)影響其一生。我們感興趣的是這些是否可能是污染顆粒從母親的肺部轉(zhuǎn)移到胎盤所導(dǎo)致的。到目前為止，幾乎沒有證據(jù)表明吸入顆粒物是從肺部進(jìn)入血液的。”

Scientists worked with five pregnant women who lived in London and were due to havecaesarean deliveries at the Royal London Hospital. All were non-smokers with an uncomplicated pregnancy and each one gave birth to a healthy baby.

科學(xué)家們對(duì)5名住在倫敦的孕婦進(jìn)行了跟蹤調(diào)查，這5人都不吸煙，孕期均很順利，也都在醫(yī)院接受剖腹產(chǎn)手術(shù)生下了健康的嬰兒。

Experts who studied the placentas after delivery were interested in cells called placental macrophages -- part of the body's immune system which engulf harmful particles such asbacteria and pollution to protect the foetus.

專家們對(duì)5名孕婦分娩后留下的胎盤進(jìn)行了研究，主要是研究胎盤里的巨噬細(xì)胞--該細(xì)胞是身體免疫系統(tǒng)的一部分，可以吞噬有害顆粒，比如細(xì)菌和污染物，從而保護(hù)胎兒。

The team studied a total of 3,500 placental macrophage cells and examined them under a high-powered microscope. They found 60 cells that between them contained 72 small black areas.

該團(tuán)隊(duì)借助高倍顯微鏡，對(duì)3500個(gè)巨噬細(xì)胞進(jìn)行了研究。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，其中60個(gè)巨噬細(xì)胞里含有72個(gè)小型的黑色區(qū)域。

Researchers believe these were carbon particles. On average, each placenta contained around five square micrometres of this substance.

研究人員認(rèn)為，這些就是碳顆粒。平均來說，每個(gè)胎盤中，大約有5平方微米的區(qū)域里有這種物質(zhì)。

The scientists then studied the placental macrophages from two placentas in greater detail using an electron microscope, and again found material that they believe was made up of tiny carbon particles.

隨后，科學(xué)家們用電子顯微鏡對(duì)來自兩個(gè)胎盤的巨噬細(xì)胞進(jìn)行了更詳細(xì)的研究，再次發(fā)現(xiàn)了他們認(rèn)為是由微小碳顆粒組成的物質(zhì)。

Researcher Dr Norrice Liu said: 'Our results provide the first evidence that inhaled pollution particles can move from the lungs into the circulation and then to the placenta. We do not know whether the particles we found could also move across into the foetus, but our evidence suggests that this is indeed possible.'

研究人員諾里斯·劉稱：“我們的研究結(jié)果首次證明，(孕婦)吸入的污染顆?？梢詮姆尾窟M(jìn)入血液循環(huán)，然后抵達(dá)胎盤。我們不知道這些顆粒物質(zhì)是否也會(huì)進(jìn)入胎兒體內(nèi)，不過證據(jù)表明這確有可能。”