憑什么相信直覺？

科學(xué)家們表示，相比于邏輯，人們往往更相信自己的直覺。因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)認(rèn)為這樣做出的決策更能準(zhǔn)確地反映出「真實(shí)自我」。

Because we see these choices as a better representation of who we are, we are more likely to have confidence in them, a study suggests.

一項(xiàng)研究表明，由于我們認(rèn)為這些決策更能代表自己的內(nèi)心，所以更有可能對(duì)其充滿信心。

Scientists said while gut decisions come with several benefits, it can make us stubborn and unhappy to accept when we are wrong.

科學(xué)家們表示，盡管直覺會(huì)給我?guī)硪恍┖锰?，但是?dāng)我們犯錯(cuò)時(shí)，也會(huì)讓我們變得頑固與不甘。

They argue the best decisions are made with both a bit of gut-instinct, and thought out logic.

他們認(rèn)為，最佳決定應(yīng)該由直覺與邏輯共同組成。

'So much folk wisdom says that we should eschew intuition because careful deliberation is thought to be the surest path to good choices,' said lead researcher Dr Sam Maglio of the University of Toronto, Scarborough.

多倫多大學(xué)斯卡伯勒分校的首席研究員Sam Maglio博士說道：「許多民間智慧都在勸告我們應(yīng)該避免直覺思維，因?yàn)橹?jǐn)慎思考才是做出好決策的最可靠途徑?！?/span>

'But we can't escape our gut feelings. In making decisions, people must decide not only what to choose, but how to choose it.

「但我們無法擺脫自己的直覺。在做出決策時(shí)，人們不僅要決定選擇什么，還要決定如何做出選擇?！?/span>

'Our research suggests that individuals focusing on their feelings in decision-making do indeed come to see their chosen options as more consistent with what is essential, true and unwavering about themselves.'

「我們的研究表明，那些在決策時(shí)專注于自我感受的人，實(shí)際上更容易認(rèn)為自己做出的選擇必不可少、發(fā)自內(nèi)心且不可動(dòng)搖」。

Researchers conducted a series of four experiments involving a total of more than 450 participants.

研究人員們進(jìn)行了四場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，參與者達(dá)450多人。

In each experiment, participants had to choose one from a selection of similar items, such as different DVD players, mugs, apartments or restaurants.

在每場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，參與者必須從一系列相似的物品中選擇一種，例如不同的DVD播放器、馬克杯、公寓或餐館。

In each case, participants were asked to make their decision either in a deliberative, logical manner or in an intuitive, gut-based one.

在每類物品中，參與者都要以審慎而合乎邏輯的方式或以直觀而基于直覺的方式做出決定。

They were then asked a series of questions about the choice.

隨后，他們會(huì)被問及一系列關(guān)于選擇的問題。

Participants who were instructed to make an intuitive, gut-based decision were more likely to report that that decision reflected their true selves.

結(jié)果顯示，那些以直觀而基于直覺的方式做出決策的參與者，更有可能表示該決策反映出了他們的真實(shí)自我。

The researchers also found that participants who made intuitive, gut-based decisions were more certain of their decisions and more likely to advocate for them.

研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些人同時(shí)也更能確信自己的決策，并更有可能擁護(hù)這些決策。

In one experiment, participants were asked to choose between two different restaurants, again based either on intuition or deliberation, and were then instructed to publicise their choice by emailing their decision to their friends.

在另一場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，參與者們被要求在兩個(gè)不同餐廳之間做出選擇，然后再將自己的決定通過電子郵件推薦給朋友。

The people who picked a restaurant intuitively shared their choice with more people.

結(jié)果顯示，憑直覺做出選擇的那些人，會(huì)把餐廳分享給更多的朋友。

'This suggests that focusing on feelings doesn't just change attitudes - it can change behaviour, too,' said Dr Maglio.

Maglio博士表示：「這表明注重感覺不僅會(huì)改變態(tài)度，也可以改變行為」。

But the surety that comes with making a gut-based instead of logical choice can be a double-edged sword, he added.

但他也補(bǔ)充道，這種對(duì)基于直覺而非邏輯所作出決策的確信可能是一把雙刃劍。