為什么你總是皮膚發(fā)癢?

皮膚發(fā)癢的原因是什么?

Around 10% of people experience notable itching, officially called pruritus. You can have itchy skin due to simple dryness, poison ivy, chickenpox, bug bites, or more serious conditions like psoriasis and eczema. Sometimes itching plagues your whole body, other times just one place. Itchy skin can last for weeks-or more. Sometimes itchiness comes with redness, rashes, bumps, or cracked skin, and sometimes it doesn't.

大約10%的人都會(huì)有皮膚很癢的經(jīng)歷，官方稱(chēng)之為瘙癢癥。皮膚干燥、毒葛、水痘、被蟲(chóng)咬或牛皮癬、濕疹等更嚴(yán)重的情況會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮膚發(fā)癢。有時(shí)候，你會(huì)全身發(fā)癢，有時(shí)只是局部發(fā)癢。皮膚瘙癢可持續(xù)幾周或更久。有時(shí)候，伴隨發(fā)癢而來(lái)的是紅腫、皮疹、腫起或皮膚被抓破，有時(shí)候卻不會(huì)有這些癥狀。

If you have itchy skin, you're going to want to get to know what's causing it so you can figure out how to stop it. Most of the time it's no big deal and may be as simple as following Grandma's instructions: Don't scratch!

如果你皮膚發(fā)癢，那你就需要知道發(fā)癢的原因，這樣才知道如何治療。大多數(shù)時(shí)候，發(fā)癢并不是什么大事，也許只要聽(tīng)老人的話就會(huì)好了：別抓!

Here are a few common itchy skin causes to look out for-and how to stop that itch.

以下是常見(jiàn)的皮膚發(fā)癢的原因以及治療方法，值得人們留意。

Dry skin

皮膚干燥

This is one of the most common causes of itchy skin, and one that usually doesn't come with a rash. Dry skin is especially common in older folks or people who smoke, spend too much time in the sun, or overuse skin products. It's also prevalent in the winter and in dry environments.

這是導(dǎo)致皮膚發(fā)癢最為常見(jiàn)的原因之一，通常這種原因造成的發(fā)癢不會(huì)伴隨皮疹。老年人、吸煙人群、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間曬太陽(yáng)的人群、過(guò)度使用護(hù)膚產(chǎn)品的人群最容易皮膚干燥。冬季和干燥的環(huán)境中，也很容易皮膚干燥。

Dry skin feels rough and flakes, but you shouldn't see any red bumps, which are usually a sign of something else. Dry skin often itches, but not always. Your first strategy against dry skin is to moisturize three to four times a day. Limit the time you spend in the bath or shower, as this can further dry your skin.

干燥的皮膚十分粗糙，而且還有皮膚屑，但卻不會(huì)紅腫。若皮膚紅腫，可能是其它原因所致。皮膚干燥通常會(huì)引起皮膚發(fā)癢，但也并不總是這種情況。對(duì)抗皮膚干燥的第一條策略就是每天潤(rùn)膚三至四次。減少泡在浴缸或淋浴的時(shí)間，因?yàn)檫@會(huì)使你的皮膚更干燥。

A common next step is 1% hydrocortisone skin cream, available over the counter. If that doesn't help after about a week, see your doctor; she may prescribe a stronger steroid cream or an antihistamine pill.

常見(jiàn)的第二步就是抹1%的氫化可的松護(hù)膚霜，藥店有的賣(mài)。如果一周后沒(méi)有效果，那就得去看醫(yī)生了;或許醫(yī)生能給你開(kāi)更強(qiáng)效的類(lèi)固醇霜或抗組胺藥。

Atopic dermatitis

特應(yīng)性皮炎

A topic dermatitis is the most common form of eczema. It can appear as dry, red, irritated skin. If it becomes infected, you may also have small, fluid-filled bumps, which can break and crust over.

特應(yīng)性皮炎是最常見(jiàn)的濕疹的一種?？赡苁蛊つw又干、又紅，還會(huì)發(fā)炎。如果皮膚受到感染，你的身體還會(huì)起小小的膿包，破了后膿水會(huì)流'一身'。

"The mainstay of eczema therapy is moisturize, moisturize, moisturize," says Nishit Patel, MD, assistant professor of dermatology at the University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine in Tampa.

"濕疹療法的主要內(nèi)容是滋潤(rùn)、滋潤(rùn)、滋潤(rùn)，"位于坦帕的南佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院皮膚病學(xué)助理教授Nishit Patel醫(yī)學(xué)博士說(shuō)。