這么多年，你真的會洗手嗎？來看看怎么樣洗手才正確
Hand-washing seems pretty simple, but a recent study shows that 97% of the time, we're still doing it wrong -- which can lead to contamination of food and surfaces and result in foodborne illness.
洗手看似簡單，但最新調查顯示，97%的狀況下，我們洗手的方法都是錯的。這會導致食物和表面受到污染，進而讓人們患上食物傳染疾病。
The study from the US Department of Agriculture shows most consumers failed to wash their hands and rub with soap for 20 seconds. That's the amount of time recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which says that washing for shorter periods means fewer germs are removed.
美國農業(yè)部的調查顯示，大多數消費者洗手和用肥皂揉搓的時間不夠20秒。這是美國疾病防治中心建議的洗手時間長度。該機構表示，洗手時間越短，清洗掉的細菌越少。
"Numerous" study participants also didn't dry their hands with a clean towel.
還有很多參與者不用干凈的毛巾擦干雙手。
The study involved 383 people in six test kitchen facilities in the metro Raleigh-Durham area of North Carolina and in rural Smithfield, North Carolina, the USDA said.
這項調查在北卡羅來納州史密斯菲爾德農村地區(qū)以及洛利杜爾文市區(qū)開展。美國農業(yè)部表示，共有383人參與了調查，他們被分配到6個實驗廚房。
Poor hand-washing practices led to cross-contamination, the study found. About half the time, participants spread bacteria to spice containers while preparing burgers, and 11% of the time, they spread bacteria to refrigerator handles.
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，不好好洗手會導致交叉污染。參與者在準備做漢堡時會把手上的細菌傳播到調料瓶，這占到了一半的比例。把細菌傳播到冰箱門把手的幾率占到了11%。
"You can't see, smell or feel bacteria," said Carmen Rottenberg, acting deputy undersecretary for food safety at the USDA. "By simply washing your hands properly, you can protect your family and prevent that bacteria from contaminating your food and key areas in your kitchen."
美國農業(yè)部食品安全代理副部長卡門-羅登伯格說：“人們看不到、聞不到，也感覺不到細菌。通過正確洗手，就可以保護家人，防止細菌污染食物和廚房的關鍵區(qū)域。”
The results from the USDA's study indicate our hand-washing habits may be getting worse. A study done in 2013 by Michigan State University found only 5% of people washed their hands correctly.
美國農業(yè)部開展的這項研究結果表明，我們的洗手習慣或許越來越糟。密歇根州立大學2013年開展的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，只有5%的人會正確洗手。
So what's the right way to wash hands? The CDC has some tips, starting with an obvious step: wetting hands with clean, running water.
那么如何洗手才正確呢?美國疾病防治中心給出了一些小貼士，第一步當然是：用清潔的自來水把手打濕。
Step 2: After wetting hands with water, turn off the tap and apply soap.
2：打濕雙手后，關掉水龍頭，抹上肥皂。
Step 3: Lather hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Be sure to lather the backs of hands, between fingers, and under fingernails.
3：雙手互相揉搓，打出肥皂泡。要確保讓手背、指縫和指甲縫下面的肥皂也起泡。
Step 4: Scrub hands for at least 20 seconds. (Sing the alphabet song once or "Happy Birthday" twice.)
4：雙手搓洗至少20秒(唱一遍字母歌或者兩遍生日快樂歌。)
Step 5: Rinse hands well under clean, running water.
5：用干凈的流動的水沖洗雙手。
Step 6: Dry hands with a clean towel or air dry them.
6：用干毛巾擦干或者自然風干。
A separate study released last month found 49 of 100 towels tested showed growth of bacteria normally found in or on the human body. That included E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, often referred to as "staph."
上月發(fā)表的另一項獨立研究表明，在100條接受檢驗的毛巾中，有49條中有細菌生長，而這些細菌通常在人體內或體表發(fā)現(xiàn)。其中包括大腸桿菌和金黃色酸膿葡萄球菌(通常稱為葡萄球菌)。
The bacteria were more likely to be found on wet towels, and towels used for more than one purpose, such as wiping counter tops and utensils and drying hands, according to the study, conducted by researchers from the University of Mauritius.
毛里求斯大學的研究人員開展的這項研究顯示，濕毛巾和多用途毛巾上更容易有這些細菌，比如一些毛巾不僅用來擦案臺和餐具，還用來擦手。
Washing hands correctly is one of the easiest ways to avoid foodborne illnesses, which sickens 48 million Americans each year, according to CDC estimates. That results in roughly 128,000 hospitalizations and 3,000 deaths.
正確洗手是避免食物傳染疾病最簡單的辦法之一。據美國疾病防治中心估計，美國每年有4800萬人患上食物傳染疾病，導致大約12.8萬人住院治療，3000人死亡。
