2020年12月四級(jí)閱讀答案分析之26-55

　　2020年12月四級(jí)閱讀理解題中，選詞填空的整體難度不大,信息匹配題基本都是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，考察的是學(xué)生的定位能力,仔細(xì)閱讀考察的是定位能力，細(xì)節(jié)題居多,答題的難度有所上升。下面是小編整理的這次四級(jí)考試中關(guān)于2020年12月四級(jí)閱讀答案分析之26-55的資料，希望大家能通過這次考試正視自己的缺點(diǎn)和不足，日后取得更大的進(jìn)步。

　　選詞填空

　　選詞填空的整體難度不大，遵循先劃分詞性，再根據(jù)空格前后判斷空格處所填詞的詞性，縮小選詞范圍，達(dá)到三選一或者二選一，保證做題速度，提升做題正確率。

　　26. B constant

　　解題思路：26空前是動(dòng)詞詞組benefit from，空格后是名詞praise，空格處需要填形容詞，本句后在講often praise，經(jīng)常…,所以空格處應(yīng)該填一個(gè)表示“經(jīng)常的”形容詞，B項(xiàng)constant，意思是“持續(xù)的”，符合題意。

　　27. G negative

　　解題思路：27空格前是冠詞a, 空格后是名詞effect，所以空格處需要填一個(gè)形容詞，結(jié)合本句開頭是however，和前一句轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，前一句在講self-confidence自信，表示積極的意思，所以空格處需填和積極的相反的形容詞，G項(xiàng) negative，意思是“消極的”，符合題意。

　　28. K repeatedly

　　解題思路：空格前句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以空格處可以填副詞，再結(jié)合意思，K項(xiàng)repeatedly表示“重復(fù)地”更符合題意，本句意思為“當(dāng)我們重復(fù)使用同樣的表揚(yáng)時(shí)”。

　　29. L rewarded

　　解題思路：29空前是must be，空格后是介詞短語with praise，所以空格處需填動(dòng)詞過去分詞，和must be構(gòu)成“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be done”的結(jié)構(gòu)，符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)的是L項(xiàng)rewarded和O項(xiàng)undertaken，再結(jié)合意思，L項(xiàng)rewarded更符合題意。

　　30. C disappointing

　　解題思路：30空前是介詞of, 空格后是名詞their parents，空格處可填動(dòng)名詞，構(gòu)成fear of doing結(jié)構(gòu)，”害怕做某事”，C項(xiàng)disappointing和E項(xiàng)exhausting符合，再結(jié)合意思，C項(xiàng)disappointing意思是“令人失望的”更符合題意。

　　31. H outcome

　　解題思路：31空前是the,空格處需要填一個(gè)名詞，本句才完整。結(jié)合意思，“過程對(duì)比結(jié)果”，H項(xiàng)outcome和I項(xiàng)pattern中，結(jié)合意思可知，H項(xiàng)outcome更符合題意32. I pattern

　　解題思路：32空前是the, 空格后是of praise，構(gòu)成the n. of n. 結(jié)構(gòu)，再結(jié)合意思是“打破”，所以可知為“固有的形式之意”，因此答案為I項(xiàng)pattern。

　　33. D distinguish

　　解題思路：33空前是it’s important to, it 作形式主語，后面的to do作真正的主語，因此空格處需填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形，A項(xiàng)choose和D項(xiàng)distinguish符合，再結(jié)合意思是對(duì)個(gè)人表揚(yáng)和過程表揚(yáng)的兩者，因此D項(xiàng)distinguish更符合。

　　34. N simply

　　解題思路：34空前是is,空后是saying，整個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，因此空格處需填副詞，M項(xiàng)separately和N項(xiàng)simply符合，再結(jié)合意思，N項(xiàng)simply更符合。

　　35. O undertaken

　　解題思路：35空前是has just，該句謂語動(dòng)詞不完整，空格處需填過去分詞，和空格前的has構(gòu)成have done結(jié)構(gòu)，再結(jié)合句意“過程表揚(yáng)是對(duì)人所做努力的肯定”， O項(xiàng)undertaken符合題意。

　　信息匹配

　　信息匹配題整體難度不大，基本解題思路是先瀏覽36-45句話，劃出關(guān)鍵詞，然后利用關(guān)鍵詞定位，基本都是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，考察的是學(xué)生的定位能力。

　　36. E. One legislative staffer assumed that a woman of color who advocated affordable childcare must be a single mother.

　　解題思路：其中 a woman of color和 a single mother和E段原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。

　　37. H. People from different races, genders, and regions all suffer from a lack of financial security.

　　解題思路：其中 races, genders, and regions，financial security和H段原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。

　　38. M. According to a survey, while the majority believe too little assistance is given to the poor, more than a third believe too much is spent on welfare.

　　解題思路：其中，According to a survey， too little， too much，welfare與M段原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)， the majority和M段中的71 percent， more than a third與M段中的37 percent屬于同義替換。

　　39. J. A research group has found that Americans who are struggling are thought to be lazy as they have made the wrong decisions.

　　解題思路：其中， A research group， lazy，made the wrong decisions與J段原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。

　　40. D. Under the old system in American, a mother was supposed to stay home and take care of her children.

　　解題思路：其中， mother， stay home，children與D段原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。

　　41. F. … found that nearly 50% of Americans are poor or receive low pay.

　　解題思路：其中， poor，low pay與F段原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)， nearly 50% of Americans和F段中的half the U.S. population同義替換。

　　42. N. Americans usually overestimate the number of blacks receiving welfare benefits.

　　解題思路：其中， Americans， overestimate， blacks與N段原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)， usually和routinely, number和share，屬于同義替換。

　　43. I. It is impossible for Americans to lift themselves out of poverty entirely on their own.

　　解題思路：其中， lift themselves out of poverty 與I段中的pull yourself up, on their own與I段中的by your own, 屬于同義替換。

　　44. C. Nowadays, it seems none of us can get away from income inequality.

　　解題思路：其中， Nowadays和C段中的today，屬于同義替換。

　　45. L. Assumptions about poor people become even more negative when they live on welfare

　　解題思路：其中， Assumptions， poor people 與L段原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。

　　仔細(xì)閱讀

　　仔細(xì)閱讀考察的是定位能力，細(xì)節(jié)題居多，遵循順序原則，先找題干關(guān)鍵詞，然后定位原文，最后對(duì)比選項(xiàng)與定位句，正確答案的難度有所上升，同義替換較多，需要學(xué)生具備一定的詞匯和理解能力。

　　46. A) When they don’t have the chance to do what they want.

　　題型：細(xì)節(jié)題

　　解題思路：根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞accepted psychological definition，定位在第二段第二句 One widely accepted definition of boredom is “ the distasteful experience of wanting,but being unable to engage in satisfying activity.” 其中，want原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)， engage in satisfying activity與選項(xiàng)A的 don’t have the chance同義替換。

　　47. D) Harmful conduct

　　題型：細(xì)節(jié)題

　　解題思路：根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞boredom can lead to,定位到第三段第一句 Boredom has been linked to behavior issues including inattentive driving, mindless snacking, excessive drinking, and addictive gambling. 其中，harmful conduct概括改寫文中behavior issues including inattentive driving, mindless snacking, excessive drinking, and addictive gambling。

　　48. B) Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom.

　　題型：細(xì)節(jié)題

　　解題思路：根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞 findings of one team of psychologists，定位到第三段第三句 One team of psychologists discovered that two-thirds of men and a quarter of women would rather self-administer electric shocks than sit alone with their thoughts for 15 minutes. 選項(xiàng)B Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom，許多志愿者寧愿選擇傷害自己也不想忍受寂寞與定位句同義改寫。

　　49. B) It may promote creative thinking.

　　題型：細(xì)節(jié)題

　　解題思路：題干關(guān)鍵詞boredom isn’t all bad，why, 定位到第四段第一句和第二句， But boredom isn't all bad. By encouraging self-reflection and daydreaming, it can spur activity. 其中，promote與定位句的encourage， creative thinking和self-reflection and daydreaming是同義替換。

　　50. D) Allow oneself some time to be bored.

　　題型：細(xì)節(jié)題

　　解題思路：根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞 suggests one do when faced with a challenging problem，定位到文中第四段第五、六、七句A British study took these findings one step further, asking subjects to complete a creative challenge (coming up with a list of alternative uses for a household item). One group of subjects did a boring activity first, while the others went straight to the creative task. Those whose boredom pumps had been primed were more productive. 其中，bored原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。

　　51. B) Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.

　　題型：細(xì)節(jié)題

　　解題思路： 根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞catching environmentalists’ attention nowadays，定位到第一段第一、二句 Forests in countries like Brazil and the Congo get a lot of attention from environmentalists, and it is easy to see why. South America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing deforestation on an enormous scale: every year almost 5 million hectares are lost. 其中， Forests 原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)， shrinking 和定位句的 deforestation ， many developing countries和定位句的 South America and sub-Saharan Africa 同義替換。第一句說森林吸引專家的注意，第二句說南非正在經(jīng)歷森林退化，句意符合，因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

　　52. C) Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.

　　題型：細(xì)節(jié)題

　　解題思路：根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞fastest forest growth，定位到第二段第一句 Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries, with fastest growth in places that historically had rather few tress. 其中， the lowest forest與定位句的rather few tress是同義替換。

　　53. A) The government’s advocacy.

　　題型：細(xì)節(jié)題

　　解題思路：根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞 forest growth，historically，定位到第三段第四、五句 The second is government policy and subsidy. Throughout history, governments have protected and promoted forests for diverse reasons, ranging from the need for wooden warships to a desire to promote suburban house-building. 其中，government原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，advocacy和policy and subsidy是近義詞。

　　54. C) Their capability of improving air quality.

　　題型：細(xì)節(jié)題

　　解題思路：根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞 our increasing desire for forests，定位到第三段第六、七句Nowadays forests are increasingly welcome because they suck in carbon pollution from the air. The justifications change; the desire for more trees remains constant. 其中，improving air quality和定位句的 suck in carbon pollution from the air是同義替換。

　　55. D) Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite direction.

　　題型：細(xì)節(jié)題

　　解題思路： 根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞prospects of forestation，定位到最后一段，通過意思可得到發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和發(fā)展中國(guó)家正在走向相反的方向，因此選項(xiàng)D意思符合。