英語四級閱讀關(guān)鍵句：238. In many cases, a victim's losse

238. In many cases, a victim's losses may include not only out-of-pocket financial losses, but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible.

譯文

很多情況下，受害者所遭受的損失可能不僅包括直接的財(cái)務(wù)損失，還包括由犯罪分子造成的用于恢復(fù)受害者社會名譽(yù)和糾正錯誤信息的大筆額外費(fèi)用。

點(diǎn)睛

本句的主干是losses may include not only losses, but costs。not only...but...連接了include的并列賓語，起到遞進(jìn)的作用；associated with...是costs的后置定語，而costs之前的三個形容詞皆為其定語；trying to...和correcting...都是介詞with的賓語，其中for which引導(dǎo)的是information的定語從句，介詞for和之后的responsible構(gòu)成短語be responsible for。

not only...but...的意思是“不僅……而且……”，還可用作not only...but also...。如：

Not only the grandparents were there but also the aunts and uncles. 不光是祖父母在那里，就連姑姑、叔叔也在那里。

substantial的意思是“數(shù)目大的，可觀的”。如：

Their contribution to the project was substantial. 他們?yōu)樵擁?xiàng)目作了大量的貢獻(xiàn)。

associate sb./sth. with的意思是“將某人（某事物）聯(lián)系起來，在頭腦中聯(lián)想”。如：

I always associated him with whisky. 我總是由他聯(lián)想到威士忌。

be responsible for的意思是“對……負(fù)責(zé)，歸咎于……”。如：

Smoking is responsible for many cases of hung cancer. 吸煙是很多人患肺癌的致病因素。