四級(jí)閱讀歷年真題長難句解析 5

16.

This jumping to our children’s defence is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells” feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people’s children. (2008年12月)

【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為…jumping to our children’s defence is part of…。what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句what fuels…feelings作of的賓語。that引導(dǎo)的定語從句that surrounds…children修飾feeling。

【譯文】這種對(duì)孩子的急切保護(hù)，加劇了我們?cè)谔幚韯e人孩子的事情時(shí)，那種“在蛋殼上行走”的感覺。

17.

Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you’ll die on average five years before a woman. (2008年12月)

【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為 you’ll die…。Assuming…term 為條件狀語。about 78 years for men in Australia作插入語，是對(duì)natural term的解釋說明，去掉后，句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和語義仍完整。

【譯文】假定你有幸活到了生命的自然盡頭——在澳大利亞男性大概是78歲　21.

But the real truth is that we don’t know enough to relieve global warming, and — without major technological breakthroughs — we can’t do much about it. (2008年6月)

【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為the real truth is that…。that從句為is的表語，在該表語從句有兩個(gè)由and連接的簡(jiǎn)單句we don’t know…warming和we can’t do much about it。兩個(gè)破折號(hào)之間的內(nèi)容是對(duì)we can’t do much about it的原因解釋。

【譯文】但真相是，我們對(duì)緩解全球變暖知道的還不夠多，并且——沒有較大的技術(shù)突破——我們?nèi)詫⑹譄o策。

22.

We need economic growth unless we condemn the world’s poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else’s living standards. (2008年6月)

【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主句為We need economic growth，從句為unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。在從句中，we有兩個(gè)由and連接的謂賓：condemn…poverty和freeze…standards。

【譯文】我們需要經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，除非我們迫使世界上的窮人繼續(xù)窮困潦倒，不提高他們的生活水平。

23.

The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it’s really an engineering one. (2008年6月)

【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為The trouble…is that…。that引導(dǎo)的表語從句that it has become…one作is的表語，該表語從句中又包括一個(gè)由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句when it’s really an engineering one。

【譯文】全球變暖的爭(zhēng)論很傷腦筋的地方在于，全球變暖其實(shí)是一個(gè)技術(shù)問題，但在現(xiàn)在的爭(zhēng)論中已經(jīng)變成了一個(gè)道德問題。

24.

Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen — the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked. (2008年6月)

【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主句主干為they will see you，從句為Whoever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句Whoever it is。in a way為see you的方式狀語。you never intended to be seen為省略了引導(dǎo)詞的定語從句，修飾的是way。破折號(hào)在這里起解釋說明的作用，解釋前面的句子。

【譯文】無論是誰，他們都會(huì)以一種你所不愿意被看到的方式來看你——21世紀(jì)就好像是一個(gè)被人裸視的時(shí)代。

25.

Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it’s important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. (2008年6月)

【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Psychologists tell us…。us后接了兩個(gè)賓語從句，第一個(gè)賓語從句為boundaries are healthy，省略了引導(dǎo)詞that;第二個(gè)賓語從句為that引導(dǎo)的that it’s…times。按照規(guī)則，若動(dòng)詞后跟兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，第一個(gè)賓語從句可省略引導(dǎo)詞，但第二個(gè)賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞必須出現(xiàn)，不能省略。

【譯文】心理學(xué)家告訴我們，隱私界線是健康的，在某些階段，某個(gè)合適的時(shí)間，向朋友、家人和愛人展現(xiàn)你自己很重要。——你平均也要比女性早去世五年。

18.

Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year. (2008年12月)

【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man。 who引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾 a 50-year-old man。delay后常接動(dòng)名詞，表示“推遲做某事”。smoker’s cough指吸煙引起的咳嗽。

【譯文】兩個(gè)月前，古麗塔遇見一位50歲的男人，他耽擱了一年而未對(duì)吸煙引起的咳嗽做任何處理。

19.

Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School. (2008年12月)

【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，according to…是介詞短語。conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School作后置定語修飾a study。the last one to do sth.意為“最后一個(gè)做某事的人”。

【譯文】據(jù)沃德集團(tuán)和沃頓商學(xué)院所做的一份聯(lián)合調(diào)查顯示，商店經(jīng)理總是最后一個(gè)接到投訴，并且通常是當(dāng)他們的?？蜎Q定定期光顧他們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手時(shí)才發(fā)現(xiàn)。

20.

“Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly,” said Professor Stephen Hoch. (2008年12月)

【分析】本句中的直接引語為復(fù)合句。句子主干為Retailers are more likely to smooth over issues than those, more…than是比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)。第一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾Retailers，第二個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾those。

【譯文】史提芬?霍克教授說：“與那些態(tài)度不友好的零售商相比，能夠及時(shí)作出反應(yīng)且態(tài)度友好的零售商更有可能平息事端。”