四級閱讀歷年真題長難句解析 3

11.

He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups. (2008年12月)

【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為He believes…diseases…could be addressed…。that引導(dǎo)的定語從句that commonly affect men修飾most diseases。by preventive check-ups為be addressed的方式狀語。

【譯文】他相信，那些經(jīng)常感染男性的疾病大多數(shù)都可以通過預(yù)防性的檢查來處理掉。

12.

Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, coworkers, strangers — and anyone who will listen. (2008年12月)

【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Shoppers seldom complain to…but…will alert…。破折號在這里起到強調(diào)或引起別人注意破折號后面要說的話的作用。在破折號后，who引導(dǎo)的定語從句who will listen修飾的是anyone。

【譯文】顧客很少向經(jīng)理或者零售店的老板投訴，相反，他們會轉(zhuǎn)而向他們的朋友、親戚、同事、陌生人——以及任何可以聽到的人吐苦水。

13.

This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space. (2008年12月)

【分析】本句為簡單句，主干為This guidance eliminated the need…and avoided confrontation…。eyeing the same parking space為現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，修飾those。

【譯文】這些引導(dǎo)消除了顧客在停車場無盡地兜圈子的必要，而且避免了顧客之間因搶占空車位而引發(fā)的沖突。

14.

Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filling complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. (2008年12月)

【分析】本句為簡單句，主干為Customers can…improve…experiences。方式狀語by filling complaints to the retailer修飾improve future shopping experiences。instead of表示否定，其前后成分結(jié)構(gòu)一致，complaining前其實省略了by。

【譯文】顧客也可以通過向零售商投訴來改善今后的購物體驗，而不是向全世界其他的人抱怨。

15.

A code of conduct is hard to create when you’re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.(2008年12月)

【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主句為A code of conduct is hard to create，從句為when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句when you’re living…last。從句中又包括兩個由介詞in加which引導(dǎo)的定語從句in which everyone is…sleep和in which nice…last，先行詞均為a world。

【譯文】當(dāng)你生活在一個每個人都因加班工作、缺乏睡眠而筋疲力盡的社會，在一個好人最后總是吃虧的社會時，很難創(chuàng)造出一套行為準(zhǔn)則。