英語六級聽力臨場應(yīng)對及答題方法

長對話和短文聽力解題技巧：視聽基本一致原則、同義替換原則、特殊詞定位原則

　　視聽基本一致的含義是指，若聽到的原文和看到的選項基本一致，則選項容易為正確。這一點和小對話的原則恰恰相反，請考生一定注意。

　　同義替換原則，同小對話。

　　特殊詞定位原則是指，在原文中特殊詞(如序數(shù)詞1st，極端詞most、most important、only、all等，邏輯連接詞because、since、but、however，以及自問自答的回答部分或直接引語)后面很可能出現(xiàn)正確答案信息。

　　例題：

　　2010年6月六級考試第1道長對話：

　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　19. 答案D

　　A) He wants to sign a long-term contract.

　　B) He is good at both language and literature.

　　C) He prefers teaching to administrative work.

　　D) He is undecided as to which job to go for.

　　20. 答案C

　　A) They hate exams.

　　B) The all plan to study in Cambridge.

　　C) They are all adults.

　　D) They are going to work in companies.

　　21. 答案B

　　A) Difficult but rewarding.

　　B) Varied and interesting.

　　C) Time-consuming and tiring.

　　D) Demanding and frustrating.

　　原文：

　　Conversation 1

　　M: I got two letters this morning with job offers, one from the Polytechnic, and the other from the Language School in Pistoia, Italy.

　　W: So you are not sure which to go for? (第19題答案，視聽基本一致與同義替換，not sure替換undecided)

　　M: That’s it. Of course, the conditions of work are very different: The Polytechnic is offering two-year contract which could be renewed, but the language school is only offering a year’s contract, and that’s a different minus. It could be renewed, but you never know.

　　W: I see. So it’s much less secure. But you don’t need to think too much about steady jobs when you are only 23.

　　M: That’s true.

　　W: What about the salaries?

　　M: Well, the Pistoia job pays much better in the short term. I’ll be getting the equivalent of about ￡22,000 a year there, but only ￡20,000 at the Polytechnic. But then the hours are different. At the Polytechnic I’d have to do 35 hours a week, 20 teaching and 15 administrations, whereas the Pistoia school is only asking for 30 hours teaching.

　　W: Mmm…

　　M: Then the type of teaching is so different. The Polytechnic is all adults and mostly preparation for exams like the Cambridge certificates. (第20題答案，特殊詞so以及all，結(jié)合同義替換的思想) The Language School wants me to do a bit of exam preparation, but also quite a lot of work in companies and factories, and a couple of children’s classes. Oh, and a bit of literature teaching.

　　W: Well, that sounds much more varied and interesting.(第21題答案，完全的視聽基本一致) And I’d imagine you would be doing quire a lot of teaching outside the school, and moving around quite a bit.

　　M: Yes, whereas with the Polytechnic position, I’d be stuck in the school all day.

　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard:

　　Q19. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?

　　Q20. What do we learn about the students at the Polytechnic?

　　Q21. What does the woman think of the job at the Language school?

　　例題：

　　2010年6月六級考試第2道長對話：

　　Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　22. 答案C

　　A) Interviewing a moving star.

　　B) Discussing teenage role models.

　　C) Hosting a television show.

　　D) Reviewing a new biography.

　　23. 答案A

　　A) He lost his mother.

　　B) He was unhappy in California.

　　C) He missed his aunt.

　　D) He had to attend school there.

　　24. 答案B

　　A) He delivered public speeches.

　　B) He got seriously into acting.

　　C) He hosted talk shows on TV.

　　D) He played a role in East of Eden.

　　25. 答案B

　　A) He made numerous popular movies.

　　B) He has long been a legendary figure.

　　C) He was best at acting in Hollywood tragedies.

　　D) He was the most successful actor of his time.

　　原文：

　　Conversation 2

　　Good evening and welcome to tonight's edition of Legendary Lives. Our subject this evening is James Dean, actor and hero for the young people of his time. Edward Murray is the author of a new biography of Dean.(第22題答案，場景題，抓代表詞“welcome to +節(jié)目名稱”等，Studio場景從長對話出現(xiàn)至今在該題型內(nèi)已出現(xiàn)三次)

　　W: Good evening, Edward.

　　M: Hello Tina.

　　W: Edward, tell us what you know about Dean's early life.

　　M: He was born in Indiana in 1931, but his parents moved to California when he was five. He wasn't there long though because his mother passed away just four years later(第23題答案，注意邏輯關(guān)系詞though以及because). Jimmy's father sent him back to Indiana after that to live with his aunt.

　　W: So how did he get into acting?

　　M: Well, first he acted in plays at high school, then he went to college in California where he got seriously into acting(第24題答案，視聽基本一致). In 1951 he moved to New York to do more stage acting.

　　W: Then when did his movie career really start?

　　M: 1955. His first starring role was in East of Eden. It was fabulous. Dean became a huge success. But the movie that really made him famous was his second one, Rebel Without a Cause, that was about teenagers who felt like they didn't fit into society.

　　W: So how many more movies did he make?

　　M: Just one more, then he died in that car crash in California in 1955.

　　W: What a tragedy! He only made three movies! So what made him the legend he still is today?(該句及上下文各一句構(gòu)成第25題答案，需要運用視聽基本一致并結(jié)合一些概括)

　　M: Well I guess his looks, his acting ability, his short life, and maybe the type of character he played in his movies. Many young people saw him as a symbol of American youths.

　　Q22 What is the woman doing?

　　Q23 Why did James Dean move back to Indiana when he was young?

　　Q24 What does the man say James Dean did at college in California?

　　Q25 What do we know about James Dean from the conversation?

　　例題：

　　2010年6月六級考試第2篇短文聽力：

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　30. 答案C

　　A) Some of them had once experienced an earthquake.

　　B) Most of them lacked interest in the subject.

　　C) Very few of them knew much about geology.

　　D) A couple of them had listened to a similar speech before.

　　31. 答案B

　　A) By reflecting on Americans' previous failures in predicting earthquakes.

　　B) By noting where the most severe earthquake in U. S. history occurred.

　　C) By describing the destructive power of earthquakes.

　　D) By explaining some essential geological principles.

　　32. 答案C

　　A) Interrupt him whenever he detected a mistake.

　　B) Focus on the accuracy of the language he used.

　　C) Stop him when he had difficulty understanding.

　　D) Write down any points where he could improve.

　　原文：

　　Passage 2

　　Juan Louis, a junior geology major, decided to give an informative speech about how earthquakes occur. From his audience and analysis he learned that only 2 or 3 of his classmates knew much of anything about geology(第30題答案，視聽基本一致，定位點為only，anything). Juan realized then that he must present his speech at an elementary level and with a minimum of scientific language. As he prepared the speech, Juan kept asking himself, “How can I make this clear and meaningful to someone who knows nothing about earthquakes or geological principles?” Since he was speaking in the Midwest, he decided to begin by noting that the most severe earthquake in American history took place not in California or Alaska but at New Madrid, Missouri in 1811.(第31題答案，視聽基本一致，定位點since及案例) If such an earthquake happened today, it would be felt from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean and would flatten most of the cities in the Mississippi valley. That, he figured, should get his classmates’ attention. Throughout the body of the speech, Juan dealt only with the basic mechanics of the earthquakes, carefully avoid technical terms. He also prepared visual aids, diagramming photo line, so his classmates wouldn’t get confused. To be absolutely safe, Juan asked his roommate, who was not a geology major, to listen to the speech. “Stop me,” he said, “any time I say something you don’t understand.” Juan’s roommate stopped him four times.(第32題答案，視聽基本一致，定位點為舉例直接引語) And at each spot, Juan worked out a way to make his point more clearly. Finally, he had a speech that was interesting and perfectly understandable to his audience.

　　Questions 30 – 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　Q30 What did Juan Louis learn from the analysis of his audience?

　　Q31 How did Juan Louis start his speech?