1. [望文生義]根據(jù)所學詞根的知識推測下列單詞的詞義。
① international a.
② internationalism n.
2. [舉一反三]根據(jù)已知單詞的詞義推斷出其同根詞的詞義。
A. national民族的 a.→① nationalism n.
→② nationalist n.
→③ nationalize v.
B. natural自然的 a.→① naturalism n.
→② naturalist n.
→③ naturalize v.
3. [由此及彼]根據(jù)已知單詞的詞義推斷出其同根詞的詞義。
① prenatal a.胎兒期的→antenatal a.(提示:ante-=before)
② neonatal a. 新生兒的→postnatal a.(提示:post-=after)
4. [同義相連]將左欄中的單詞和右欄中相對應的詞義連接起來。
① naturism a.不自然的
② connatural b.自然主義的
③ naturalistic c.國有化;民族化
④ unnatured d.生來的;同性質的
⑤ nationalization e.對自然現(xiàn)象的崇拜
5.[望文生義]-natured可以作為構詞成分與其他形容詞結合,表示“本性……的”,“性情……的”。試判斷下列單詞的詞義。
① good-natured a.
② ill-natured a.
③ second-natured a.
④ cruel-natured a.
6. [尋根問底]指出下列單詞的詞根并領會其詞義的由來。
① pronatalist a.鼓勵提高人口出生率的(提示:pro-=for)
② denationalize v.使非國有化;開除……的國籍(提示:de-=to undo)
③ denature v.改變……的性質;使變性
denaturation n. [化學] 變性(作用)
④ denaturalize v.使非自然化;取消……的國籍
⑤ agnate a.宗族的;聯(lián)姻的;男方親屬的 (提示:a-(ad-)=to)
62. not [L]=to get to know知曉
常用詞note,notice,notion和denote等,都來自詞根not,它是拉丁動詞noscere的動名詞詞干,原意是to get to know(知曉)。在實際構詞中,它有to know(知道),to note(表明)和to mark(標明)等含義。
note [not=to know知曉;-e→“something written for one to know讓人知曉的書面材料”→]Ⅰn.①short informal letter便條:a note of information通知書② record in writing筆記:notes of a journey旅行筆記→Ⅱ v.① take notes做筆記:He noted down his impression.他把觀感記下來。② pay attention to注意:Please note the spelling of this word.請注意這個單詞的拼法。
notice [not=to know知曉;-ice n.=things物→“thing written for the public to know 讓大眾知曉的文字”→]Ⅰ n.① announcement;information通告;通知:meeting notice開會通知② attention注意:Take notice of the road signs.注意路標。→Ⅱ v. pay attention with the senses注意到:I noticed that he left very early that day.我注意到那天他很早就離開了。
▽noticeable [notice v.;-able a.] a.值得注意的;顯而易見的
notion [not=to get to know知曉;-ion n.=the state or result表行為狀態(tài)或結果→“the state or result of getting to know something對某事的知曉或理解”→] n.① conception概念:to stick to the old notion死抱住過時的概念② belief or opinion in the mind看法;見解:to give up an unrealistic notion放棄不切合實際的想法
▽notional [notion;-al a.] a.概念的;名義上的
denote [de-=down下;not=to mark, to make to know做記號,使知道;-e→“to make known by marking down做記號使人知曉”→] v.①indicate by mark or sign表明;指示:A smile often denotes pleasure.微笑通常表示高興。② be the mark or name of意味著:The sign“=”denotes that two things are equal.符號“=”意味著兩邊相等。
▽denotation [denot(e);-ation n.] n.表示;符號;意義
denotable [denot(e);-able a.] a.可表示的;可指示的
denotative [denot(e);-ative a.] a.表示的;指示的
notify [not=to know知道;-ify v.=to make做……→] v. make to know;give information of宣布;通知:Please notify me of the time you may arrive.請把您到達的時間通知我。
▽notifiable [notif(y);-iable a.] a.應通知的;應報告的
notification [notif(y);-ication n.] n.通知
notorious [not=to know知道;-orious (-ory+-ous) a.=having a special quality of 有……特點的→“being publicly known (now used in a bad sense)眾所周知的(現(xiàn)用于貶義)”→] a. unfavourably known;
infamous臭名昭著的;聲名狼藉的:a notorious political swindler臭名昭著的政治騙子
▽notoriety [not;-oriety (-ory+-ety) n.] n.臭名昭著
annotation [an-(ad-)=at在;not=to mark標明;-ation n.=the act表行為→“marking at the point在要點處標明”→] n.① writing of notes or explanation 做注解或注釋:The annotation of the book took ten months.注釋這本書花了十個月時間。② note in a book注釋,注解:an annotation on an archaic word對一個古詞的注釋
connote [con-(com-)=together, in addition一起,附加;not=to mark or note標明,表明;-e→“to mark or note a meaning in a word in addition to its formal meaning表明一個詞原義之外的附加含義”→] v. suggest or imply (an added meaning in a word)意味著;含蓄著:The word“tropics”connotes heat.“熱帶”這個詞內涵著“炎熱”的意思。
▽connotation [connot(e);-ation n.] n.含蓄;內涵
connotative [connot(e);-ative a.] a.含蓄的;內涵的