GRE寫作：The Issue Task 精選20講 · 第6講

　　Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based.

　　很明顯，這種指令與前4講涉及的兩種指令又不一樣了，主要區(qū)別還可見諸于：

　　* 坑位捕捉：這種題型刷多了，大家也會(huì)毫無(wú)例外地發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的常見“漏洞”，即：statements里會(huì)含有各種比較容易且方便筆者去攻擊的點(diǎn)，所以針對(duì)這種題，筆者更加愿意先入為主地“推薦”朋友們寫disagree.

　　* 高分要訣：別忘了敵方觀點(diǎn)!別忘了敵方觀點(diǎn)!別忘了敵方觀點(diǎn)!重要的事情說(shuō)三遍。

　　* 學(xué)術(shù)前沿：ETS設(shè)計(jì)了AW這么一個(gè)單獨(dú)計(jì)分的模塊，卻不計(jì)入總分核算，這讓很多人覺得AW簡(jiǎn)直就是雞肋的存在。其實(shí)不然!在Analyze an Issue Task中，考生可以得到充分的駁論與立論能力的鍛煉，而這兩項(xiàng)能力組合在一起恰恰決定了一個(gè)學(xué)生在postgraduate years中是否能“開心地”經(jīng)過(guò)海量論文的蹂躪，尤其是對(duì)文科同學(xué)而言。再換言之，對(duì)于任何與文科掛鉤的專業(yè)，如果AW部分表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異，諸如拿到了4.0+的分?jǐn)?shù)，那么相比于總分相差無(wú)幾的申請(qǐng)者，淘汰對(duì)手的幾率也會(huì)大大增加。

　　* 筆者寄語(yǔ)：很多事情經(jīng)歷且征服后會(huì)顯得枯索無(wú)味，但issue不會(huì)。每一場(chǎng)issue都是充滿哲思的辯論與爭(zhēng)鋒。

　　我們還是以上一講的題目為例：

　　Claim: In any field - business, politics, education, government - those in power should step down after five years.

　　Reason: The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership.

　　發(fā)現(xiàn)了么，題干中是不是存在著各種筆者上述的“坑”?不容分說(shuō)，筆者的立場(chǎng)為“不同意”。

　　嗯，對(duì)，兩句話都不同意。

　　于是乎，筆者的敵方觀點(diǎn)就可以是“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)更迭對(duì)企業(yè)走向成功挺重要的”或“商界、政界、教育界中的當(dāng)權(quán)者在位五年后就遠(yuǎn)離權(quán)力走廊也是行得通的”。

　　筆者以此二思路做了個(gè)的梗概及大體寫作演示，如下：

　　[Introduction]

　　此處略去，原文見上一講。

　　[Body Para. 1]

　　此處略去，原文見上一講。

　　[Body Para. 2]

　　論證思路：輪到敵方觀點(diǎn)登場(chǎng)了。那就從思維底層走到我們的反方去，行文風(fēng)格可以托福一點(diǎn)兒，不礙事。

　　I can truly understand why some of my opponents advocate that leaders should step down from the corridor of power after five years. They may think a five-year presidency, acting as a deterrent, can moderately prevent and even eradicate some deeply-rooted malpractices, such as the formation of criminal forces, nepotism, and bribery or corruption. Chairman Mao and his last ten years of presidency can serve as a telling illustration. It is because he has been on the throne during his declining years when his mental powers and critical thinking have been gradually deteriorating that he, accompanied and tempted by some malicious political staff, finally made some disastrous decisions, such as launching the Cultural Revolution bringing considerable miseries to the whole nation. With a mandatory abdication after five years, the crimes might not be too many to mention.

　　[Body Para. 3]

　　論證思路：敵方觀點(diǎn)都說(shuō)成那樣子了，趕緊見招拆招唄，找漏洞去攻擊即可。為防讀者閱讀此公號(hào)實(shí)在沒什么參與感，本段寫作演示采用中文代替，諸位可做實(shí)時(shí)視譯。

　　但是，只要權(quán)力得到一定的監(jiān)督與制衡，其實(shí)上面的那些壞現(xiàn)象都是可以被很好地規(guī)避的。事實(shí)上來(lái)說(shuō)，任何政策的制定、執(zhí)行、修改、完善、再執(zhí)行都是需要時(shí)間的沉淀和歷史的見證的。換句話來(lái)說(shuō)，如果五年就輕易換一位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的話，他/她很有可能做不出什么豐功偉績(jī)就默默退出歷史舞臺(tái)了，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)國(guó)家、政黨、企業(yè)的內(nèi)部情況通常都是十分錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的，這對(duì)管理和改革都提出很大的挑戰(zhàn)性。其實(shí)，歷史上連任數(shù)十年并且將一個(gè)國(guó)家、政黨帶向繁榮成功的康莊大道上的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的案例也是不勝枚舉的。諸如：羅斯福正是因?yàn)檫B任才能將新 政徹底貫徹最終帶領(lǐng)美國(guó)人民走出經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條的陰霾，這為后來(lái)的戰(zhàn)時(shí)格局奠定了不可磨滅的功績(jī)。

　　【本段解析】

　　是不是發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)中文版本你都不一定寫得出來(lái)?沒關(guān)系，回去看看書吧。

　　[Body Para. 4

　　論證思路：看到claim里面的眾多fields了么?我們索性再補(bǔ)一刀，來(lái)，本段就以GRE該有的行文要求來(lái)展示破解。

　　Finally, if we switch our attention to the field of business, we find that changes in leadership are much more flexible. All that a new leader should be equipped with is the potential or capability to bring maximum profits. In the business world, unanticipated bargaining success could endow an unsung Joe with widespread reputation which even a much older businessman would covet. However, itis of equal possibility that an eminently respected entrepreneur could lose his/her crown overnight for an unexpected failure in a regular negotiation. From this perspective, neither the reason nor the claim of this issue stands tenable in the business field. Leadership hinges on profits--this allegation may sound harsh, but few would dispute its validity.

　　[Conclusion]

　　轉(zhuǎn)述introduction的主要論點(diǎn)即可，此處略去。