托福綜合寫作閱讀部分怎么搞定

　　一般來講， 綜合閱讀文本是總分結(jié)構(gòu)， 文章分4大段。 開頭段介紹關(guān)于的內(nèi)容。 后三段分別介紹對(duì)應(yīng)的分論點(diǎn)。

　　我們要根據(jù)文本結(jié)構(gòu)采用不同招式快速攻克，快速抓住中心思想，看首段，我們要從文章的開頭段的末尾部分找到文章的內(nèi)容以及作者本人或介紹的立場(chǎng)。

　　舉個(gè)例子：開頭段

　　Soon there will be something new for the tourist who has been everywhere and seen everything on Earth. Spacecraft being developed by private commercial companies will soon enable private citizens to buy their own tickets to travel in to space, thereby creating a space tourism industry. So far, space travel has been undertaken only by governments, but the new privatized space flight industry will bring great benefits to both science and the public.

　　仔細(xì)觀察上面文本中的加粗部分，我們可以找到：

　　文章的內(nèi)容是：space travel

　　作者的立場(chǎng)是：new privatized space flight industry will bring great benefits to both science and the public

　　快速掌握文章分論點(diǎn)，看首句

　　首句中重點(diǎn)要看的詞：層進(jìn)連詞

　　層進(jìn)連詞有：first, second, also, further.

　　情況1.在段的首句上看到層進(jìn)連詞

　　First, private space travel will benefit serious space exploration by making spaceflight cheaper. Privatization of space technology will bring technological costs down very fast because it will allow competition—and competition is one of the strongest motivations to cut costs. Thus, lowering the cost of space travel will benefit not only space tourists but also scientists, who will be able to use private space flights for research purposes.

　　看到句首的層進(jìn)連詞了!

　　上邊這段， 段首有層進(jìn)連詞， 所以連詞句就是分論點(diǎn)句

　　Private space travel will benefit space exploration by making spaceflight cheaper

　　很簡(jiǎn)單吧，但是要注意一種特殊情況：

　　如果此類句后跟有轉(zhuǎn)折詞，如： but, yet, however, 分論點(diǎn)句就要后移到轉(zhuǎn)折句上

　　舉個(gè)例子X2

　　Finally, when governments are the sole providers of space travel, the costs are paid for by the whole taxpaying public, but which privatization, the expenses of space travel will be borne by the customers of the industry. The fact that private spaceflight operators will be able to raise funds through tickets sales means that the financial burden on taxpayers will be eased significantly.

　　可以清楚的看到：該段首句有層進(jìn)連詞， 以及一個(gè)惹眼的but， 所以分論點(diǎn)句就成為：

　　which privatization, the expenses of space travel will be borne by the customers of the industry.

　　情況2. 段首句上沒有層進(jìn)連詞，那就到段中找關(guān)鍵詞

　　關(guān)鍵詞

　　觀點(diǎn)詞 point out，speculate，state，claim，think，believe

　　結(jié)果詞 therefore，so，as a result，consequently，hence 等

　　舉例連詞 for example，for instance

　　找到有關(guān)連詞， 關(guān)鍵詞前后的句子就是分論點(diǎn)句

　　碰到了觀點(diǎn)詞，結(jié)果詞，它們后面的句子就是分論點(diǎn)句本句啦

　　舉例X3

　　There are indications that the decades around 1500 were a dry period. Crop failure was a likely result. With a number of poor harvests over a number of successive years, famine would have been a real problem. Accordingly, there was a migration away from the city and region.

　　首句沒有看到層進(jìn)詞，一眼掃去有個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞accordingly，那么分論點(diǎn)句就是：

　　Famine resulted in the migration from the city and region

　　遇到了舉例連詞，它們前面的句子才是分論點(diǎn)句