托福寫作副詞使用的方法

　　副詞是TOEEL測試中非常活躍的詞類。它與形容詞一樣，是詞類變化題型必考的詞性。一般說來，有關(guān)副詞的題目并不很難。絕大部分考的是副詞詞性的判斷。題型主要有下述幾項：(1)副詞與形容詞混淆(詳見本憶要點之[詞類變化])(2)否定副詞Not 的用法、(3)易混淆的副詞。

　　副詞常考題型及解題要點

　　1 副詞與形容詞的功能區(qū)別：形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾除名詞以外的所有詞性及句子成分

　　[例1] The ordeal of the Cherokee Indians, who were forcible moved from their homeland in the 1830*s,is remembered as the *Tears*. (91.10)

　　[答案] B 修飾動詞moved應用副詞forcibly.

　　[例2] Although the United States experienced rapidly growth in the first half of the nincieenth century, it was still predominately concerned with agriculture and forestry. (93.10)

　　[答案] A 修飾名詞growth應用形容詞rapid，而不用副詞rapidly。 此題是TOEEL?？碱愋皖}。請注意以- ly后綴構(gòu)成的副詞通常是命題焦點。

　　2. 否定詞not與形容詞no的區(qū)別

　　解題要點： 區(qū)分副詞not和形容詞no的命題是TOEEL常考的題型，主要分布在structure (1-15題)中。當not或no出現(xiàn)在選擇答案中，應首先判斷它所修飾的中心詞的詞性以決定選哪一個否定詞。

　　全真例分析

　　(1) Since Alaska attained statehood in 1959------- single party has dominated politics there.

　　(A) none

　　(B) no

　　(C) not

　　(D) never (94.1)

　　[答案] B 修飾中心名詞party應用形容詞no，而非副詞not。

　　(2) ------- social crusade aroused Elizabeth Williams enthusiasm more than the expansion of the United States.

　　(A) No

　　(B) Nothing

　　(C) Not

　　(D) None (91.10)

　　[答案] 修飾主語名詞crusade 應用形容詞no. 而非副詞not。

　　(3) ------- all rainwater falling from a cloud reaches the ground， some of it is lost through evaporation.

　　(A) Nowhere

　　(B) Not

　　(C) No

　　(D) None (91.8)

　　[答案] B 修飾形容詞all應用否定副詞not。Not all (不是所有的)是固定短語搭配，表示的是部分否定，not all = sosme。

　　(4) The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is ------- clearly understood.

　　(A) none

　　(B) no

　　(C) not

　　(D) nor (90.5)

　　[答案] C 否定系詞is，應用副詞not。

　　(5) Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933. When Frances Perkins became secretary of labor. (89.1)

　　[答案] A Not 改為No.

　　3. 辨別詞形相近的副詞和形容詞

　　hare (努力、副詞)- hardly (幾乎不、副詞)

　　close (接近、形容詞)- closely (接近、副詞)

　　near (接近、形容詞)- nearly (幾乎、副詞)

　　most (大多數(shù)的、形容詞)-mostly(主要地、副詞)

　　late (遲、晚、形容詞)-lately(最近、副詞)

　　全真例題分析

　　(1) Chief Joseph Flesche. A vigorous Omaha leader， worked hardly to make his nation a proud and progressive one. (93.1)

　　[答案] B hardly (幾乎不)改為hard(努力)。

　　(2) Glaciers that develop nearly the North and South Poles advance into the sea. Break into pieces， and become icebergs. (90.8)

　　[答案] B 副詞nearly意思是“幾乎”。此句應改為near(接近)。

　　(3) Those electrons most closely to the nucleus are held electromagnetic force. (92.1)

　　[答案] B most closely 改為most close。