新托福獨立寫作的解題流程和思路拓展

　　首先，考生會看到關(guān)于第二題的題目說明：

　　Task 2: Writing Based on Knowledge and Experience

　　Directions: For this task, you will write an essay in response to a question that asks you to state, explain, and support your opinion on an issue。

　　Typically, an effective essay will contain a minimum of 300 words. Your essay will be judged on the quality of your writing. This includes the development of your ideas, the organization of your essay, and the quality and accuracy of the language you use to express your ideas。

　　You have 30 minutes to plan and complete your essay。

　　然后，電腦屏幕上將出現(xiàn)題目要求、答題框以及字數(shù)統(tǒng)計，左下角還會出現(xiàn)30分鐘倒計時顯示。本題題目如下：

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

　　It is impossible to be completely honest with your friends。

　　Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer。

　　1. 快速破題，明確觀點

　　看到題目后，首先明確觀點，即“同意”還是“不同意”，如：

　　I agree that it is impossible to be totally honest with your friends。

　　當(dāng)然，不能在第一句就“交底”，否則首段就沒什么可寫了。因此，從題干中找核心詞，以此為突破口慢慢引出中心論點。如本題題干的核心詞為honest和friends，那么不妨先說說自己對這兩個詞的認識，即：我覺得……

　　2. 首段(Introduction)的思路拓展

　　先進行鋪墊：

　　Friends make the good times even better, and keep the bad times from overwhelming us。

　　→ 然后以設(shè)問方式進行過渡：

　　One trait of a lasting friendship is honesty, but how honest must one be?

　　→ 引出中心論點：

　　I believe that it is impossible to remain totally honest with our friends all the time。

　　→ 解釋中心論點：

　　We must not only protect their feelings and interests, but also keep our own secrets。

　　以上述方式展開的首段邏輯性很強。更重要的是，大家拿到一道獨立寫作題知道如何思考，并將“頭腦風(fēng)暴”后的想法進行流暢地表達。

　　3. 中間段落(Essay Body)的思路拓展

　　Paragraph 1

　　先闡明本段論點，即過于坦誠會傷及別人：

　　To begin with, truth can be like a sword that breaks people’s hearts instead of protecting them。

　　→ 變化措辭解釋一下這個論點：

　　In other words, telling someone the truth may break their heart。

　　→ 因此有時候需要保持沉默：

　　There are some situations that require us to adopt sensible silence because as a good friend, I feel obliged to support and always stand behind my friend。

　　→ 舉例，以“假設(shè)+ 結(jié)論”的方式展開，更有說服力：

　　If your friend is not good-looking and there is nothing you can do to change that, maybe it’s better to just keep quiet and protect his or her feelings。

　　→ 繼續(xù)舉例，仍以“假設(shè)+ 結(jié)論”的方式展開：

　　Similarly, when our friends date someone we don’t like, if this person is not actually harmful to our friends, maybe we should let the relationship run its course。

　　→ 總結(jié)：

　　Therefore, being totally honest is not possible because we must protect our friends and their feelings。

　　Paragraph 2

　　提出本段論點，即應(yīng)該保守自己的秘密：

　　In addition to protecting our friends by withholding information, we must also be careful to protect our own secrets。

　　→ 解釋論點，即有些個人私事是不方便對他人說的：

　　Friends sometimes share secrets with each other, but when it comes to some personal matters which we want to keep to ourselves, it is better not to share our secrets。

　　→ 舉例說明什么樣的事“我”不會實話實說：

　　For example, in a game called “truth or dare”， am I supposed to say who I have a crush on in front of many other friends? By no means would I tell the truth。

　　→ 總結(jié)：

　　Again, everyone has some private matters which they cannot tell anyone. So we should keep a certain distance in our relationships, even with our closest friends。

　　4. 末段(Conclusion)的思路拓展

　　首先重申中心論點：

　　Total honesty makes no practical sense in the real world。

　　→ 具體到友情，再次闡明上文提到的不能完全誠實的原因：

　　In regard to friendships, we sometimes have to lie or keep silent in order to protect our friends’ feelings and protect our secrets。

　　→ 總結(jié)：

　　Tact and consideration of others’ feelings is more important in a friendship than unwavering honesty。