托福寫作：不要只會(huì)一種“said”的表達(dá)

　　引入類型

　　Types of writing

　　適用表述

　　Ways you might present this in your essay

　　1 當(dāng)作者對(duì)自己所陳述的內(nèi)容非?？隙?，堅(jiān)定不移時(shí)

　　When the writer is very committed， even passionate， about the ideas he/she writes

　　X asserts that…

　　X strongly argues that…

　　X firmly believes that…

　　X is committed to the idea that…

　　2 當(dāng)作者引述極為具體細(xì)致的論據(jù)來(lái)論證其觀點(diǎn)時(shí)

　　When the writer presents detailed evidence in support of his/her ideas

　　The work of X shows that…

　　X concludes that…

　　X found that…

　　X discovered that…

　　X learned that…

　　3 當(dāng)作者本身對(duì)其所引述或陳述的觀點(diǎn)持謹(jǐn)慎保留的態(tài)度時(shí)

　　When the writer is quite cautious and restrained about the ideas he/she puts forward

　　Research by X indicates that…

　　X suggests that…

　　4 當(dāng)作者僅憑個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)時(shí)

　　When the writer puts forward ideas based on their personal experiences only

　　The work of X indicates that…

　　X believes that…

　　X feels that…

　　5 當(dāng)作者引述在讀者看來(lái)值得質(zhì)疑的觀點(diǎn)時(shí)

　　When the writer puts forward ideas you are rather suspicious or skeptical about

　　X claims that…

　　X believes that…

　　According to X…

　　6 當(dāng)作者非常直率地陳述觀點(diǎn)，并輔以相當(dāng)顯而易見且理由充分的論據(jù)支持時(shí)

　　When the writer appears to report something in a straight-forward way， backed up with apparently good reasons for the ideas presented

　　X states that…

　　X reports that…

　　X notes that…

　　X found that…

　　X observes that…

　　X concludes that…

　　As X points out， …

　　X has drawn attention to the fact that…

　　X argues that…

　　以上就是關(guān)于托福寫作中可以取代said的各種用法，考生需要在托福寫作中運(yùn)用一些新詞新說(shuō)法，避免雷同單調(diào)。