復(fù)雜的定語(yǔ)從句的拆分和理解 例40

例40　This preference for exogamy, Gutman suggests, may have derived from West African rules governing marriage, which, though they differed from one tribal group to another, involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin.

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】主語(yǔ)中心語(yǔ)是This preference for exogamy，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是may have derived from，賓語(yǔ)是West African rules, governing marriage這個(gè)分詞做定語(yǔ)，修飾前面的West African rules, which引導(dǎo)了定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的West African rules，定語(yǔ)從句中有插入語(yǔ)though they differed from one tribal group to another，定語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞是involved，賓語(yǔ)是some kind of prohibition。

【亮點(diǎn)回放】此句話的亮點(diǎn)在于采用了分詞定語(yǔ)里面套上定語(yǔ)從句，而其中的插入語(yǔ)也是考研英語(yǔ)經(jīng)典結(jié)構(gòu)，表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，定語(yǔ)從句的against這個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)用得很生動(dòng)。

【核心詞匯】

preference　偏愛(ài)

exogamy　外部通婚

derive from　緣起于

West African rule governing marriage　西部非洲制約著婚姻的規(guī)定

tribal group　部落群體

prohibition　禁止

unions with close kin　近親聯(lián)姻

【參考譯文】古特曼表示，這種對(duì)于外部通婚的偏愛(ài)很有可能緣起于西部非洲制約著婚姻的規(guī)定，盡管這些規(guī)定在一個(gè)和另一個(gè)部落群體之間不盡相同，但都涉及到某種對(duì)近親聯(lián)姻（union with close kin）的禁止。