復(fù)雜的定語從句的拆分和理解 例32

例32　The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】主語中心語是The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market，謂語動(dòng)詞是have limited，賓語中心語是the opportunities of teenagers, who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾前面的teenagers, involved in climbing Japan's rigid social ladder是個(gè)分詞短語修飾前面的sacrifices, to good schools and jobs是個(gè)介詞短語修飾前面的名詞短語social ladder。

【亮點(diǎn)回放】此句話的亮點(diǎn)在于The coming of age of the postwar baby boom這種連環(huán)“of”結(jié)構(gòu)做第一個(gè)主語，后面who引導(dǎo)的定語從句中的賓語又套了過去分詞短語involved in。

【核心詞匯】

postwar baby boom　戰(zhàn)后嬰兒潮

male-dominated　男人為主導(dǎo)的

question　質(zhì)疑

personal sacrifices　個(gè)人犧牲

rigid　嚴(yán)格的

social ladder　社會(huì)階梯

【參考譯文】戰(zhàn)后嬰兒潮一代的步入成年以及女性打入男性主導(dǎo)的勞動(dòng)力市場使得青少年的發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)變得極為有限，他們已經(jīng)在不停地質(zhì)疑為了爬上日本國內(nèi)那通往優(yōu)秀學(xué)校和體面工作的嚴(yán)酷的社會(huì)階梯而做出的巨大的個(gè)人犧牲。