英語聽力文摘 疫苗與自閉癥無關(guān)

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最新發(fā)表在ClinicalEvidence雜志上的一項(xiàng)來自美國(guó)循癥醫(yī)學(xué)調(diào)查中心的研究顯示，麻疹、腮腺炎和風(fēng)疹(MMR)聯(lián)合疫苗或單一麻診疫苗接種與兒童孤獨(dú)癥無關(guān)。 新生兒在出生以后往往會(huì)連續(xù)接種各種不同的疫苗，以增強(qiáng)機(jī)體的免疫力。但疫苗在生產(chǎn)過程中為了保證其穩(wěn)定性，通常會(huì)使用含有一種名叫噻汞撒的抗菌素，噻汞撒學(xué)名叫做工汞硫代水楊酸鈉，這種抗菌素中有一半的成分是乙基汞。由于科學(xué)研究早已證實(shí)，汞對(duì)人體來說是一種慢性毒性物質(zhì)，如果體內(nèi)汞的含量過高則將對(duì)人體的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，特別是兒童的大腦、腎臟造成永久性傷害，患兒會(huì)出現(xiàn)孤僻、中毒性震顫、注意力不集中以及語言和記憶力方面的障礙。因此接種疫苗后是否可能會(huì)留下孤獨(dú)癥等后遺癥成為許多家長(zhǎng)關(guān)心的事。 研究人員為此進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)涉及數(shù)百萬名兒童、課題超過2000項(xiàng)的研究，查閱了過去50年來曾接種過麻疹、腮腺炎和風(fēng)疹聯(lián)合疫苗的兒童資料。研究結(jié)果表明，現(xiàn)有的大量的科學(xué)證據(jù)并不支持兒童接種疫苗后會(huì)引起兒童孤獨(dú)癥，兒童接種疫苗是安全的。

Is there really a link between autism and vaccines? Find the truth, on this Moment of Science.

Y:Today on the moment of science the link between vaccines and Autism.

D:Hold on there Yael.What link?There is no link.

Y:There isn't?

D:Absolutely not.The initial study that triggered all this panic was based on anecdotal evidence(軼事證據(jù)) and wasn’t substantiated by scientific analysis. In fact, after a careful review of more recent and more extensive studies, the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies concluded that there’s no evidence of a link between vaccines and autism.

It’s ironic that now that diseases like measles, polio, and small pox are so rare in the U.S. thanks to vaccines, people are all panicky about vaccine safety. It doesn’t help that the media, when they present both sides of medical issues by giving each side equal time, may unintentionally imply that there’s an equal body of evidence supporting each side.I mean Based on the faulty study, some people decided not to immunize their children.

Y:Really?Isn't that incredibly risky.

D:It is.After all, We’re talking about highly contagious, devastating diseases here.

With international travel so common, it only takes one person to introduce a disease to a community, and if enough members of that community aren’t immunized, that disease can spread quickly. That's why it's important to make sure that you’re getting information from the right sources.For up-to-date information on immunizations and potential side-effects, ask your doctor, or visit www.immunizationinfo.org.

譯文：

疫苗與自閉癥無關(guān)

Y:今天的科學(xué)時(shí)間講述的是疫苗和自閉癥的聯(lián)系。

D:暫停，雅艾爾。有什么關(guān)系呢?根本就沒有關(guān)系呀!

Y:沒有嗎?

D:當(dāng)然了。引發(fā)這些恐慌的最初研究來源于軼事證據(jù)(粗淺的證據(jù)，經(jīng)常以故事形式出現(xiàn)),并沒有被科學(xué)分析證實(shí)。事實(shí)上，在仔細(xì)審查了最近更廣泛的研究后，美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院醫(yī)學(xué)研究所認(rèn)為并沒有證據(jù)證明疫苗和自閉癥之間有聯(lián)系。

更諷刺的是，得益于疫苗，像麻疹，脊髓灰質(zhì)炎和天花之類的疾病在美國(guó)很罕見，但是現(xiàn)在人們都為疫苗的安全性而恐慌。當(dāng)媒體提出同一個(gè)醫(yī)療問題并給正反雙方同樣多的時(shí)間來論證，其實(shí)并沒有起多大作用，反而可能會(huì)在無意中暗示雙方都有同樣多的支持證據(jù)。我的意思是說鑒于錯(cuò)誤的研究，一些父母不會(huì)讓他們的孩子接種疫苗。

Y:真的嗎?那豈不是很冒險(xiǎn)?

D:是的。畢竟，我們談?wù)摰氖蔷哂懈叨葌魅拘院推茐男缘募膊　，F(xiàn)在國(guó)際旅行如此普遍，一個(gè)人就可能為一個(gè)群體帶來一種疾病，如果群體里所有的成員都沒有接種，那么這種疾病將會(huì)以非?？斓乃俣葌鞑?。這就是獲取來源正確的信息的重要性。你可以咨詢你的醫(yī)生或者登錄www.immunizationinfo.org.來獲取免疫接種及其潛在副作用的信息。