耶魯?shù)摹镑俭t會(huì)”是什么？曾經(jīng)的耶魯校長(zhǎng)小金曼布魯斯特為什么拒絕加入

來聽今天的講解:

A:If only someone patted me on the shoulder and ordered me to go back to my room.

要是這時(shí)候有個(gè)人拍一下我肩膀，告訴我“回到你的房間去”就好了。

B:You want to join in the Skull and Bones?

你想加入骷髏會(huì)呀？

A:Yes. Don’t you?

是啊。你不想嗎？

B:I do. But I don’t think any of us met their requirements. You know, to be one of its members, you need to be extremely excellent in every respect.

我也想。但是，我覺得我們倆都不夠條件。要知道，想成為骷髏會(huì)的成員，自身?xiàng)l件必須在各個(gè)方面都很優(yōu)越。

A:That’s true. I think it's every Yalie，s dream to join it. No one will be fool enough to refuse the request from Skull and Bones.

那倒是。我想，每個(gè)耶魯人都?jí)粝爰尤膑俭t會(huì)吧。一旦受到遨請(qǐng)，沒有人會(huì)傻到拒絕它。

B:I heard that there was somebody who said NO to the organization. It’s former Yale President Kingman Brewster Jr. Do you know him?

我可聽說，有一個(gè)人曾經(jīng)對(duì)骷髏會(huì)說"不”哦。就是曾經(jīng)的耶魯校長(zhǎng)小金曼布魯斯特。你知道他嗎？

A:Yes, of course I do. He was born with a silver spoon in his mouth. And as an undergraduate, he was the chairman of The Yale Daily News. He was also an ardent opponent of America’s intervention into World War II and was an outspoken isolationist. No wonder he was valued by Skull and Bones.

是的，當(dāng)然知道。他出身豪門，大學(xué)期間，又擔(dān)任《耶魯每日新聞> 的主編，是一名熱情的反戰(zhàn)者，反對(duì)美國(guó)介入二戰(zhàn)，還是一位直言不諱的孤立主義者。難怪他會(huì)被骷髏會(huì)看中呢。

B:But why he refused such a good opportunity?

可是，他為什么拒絕這么好的機(jī)會(huì)呢？

A:God knows.

誰知道呢。

B:Anyway, he was really something. There were a lot of awe-inspiring events in his whole lifetime. You know, when he served as Yale president, he weathered a succession of controversies such as rejecting calls to dismiss the university chaplain.

不管怎么說，他真是個(gè)了不起的人物。他一生中做過許多令人肅然起敬的事情。 你應(yīng)該知道吧，他做耶魯校長(zhǎng)的時(shí)候，經(jīng)受住了一系列爭(zhēng)議，比如，他拒絕解聘校園牧師

A:What’s more, under Mr. Brewster, Yale enhanced the quality of its faculty and student body and added new programs in various fields. Thanks to his effort, Yale has grown to be a first-rate academic program that was excellent in many areas.

此外，在布魯斯特校長(zhǎng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，耶魯?shù)慕搪毠に郊皩W(xué)生層次都得到了提高， 各個(gè)領(lǐng)域都增加了許多新項(xiàng)目。由于他的努力，耶魯大學(xué)形成了在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域都很 出色的一流的學(xué)術(shù)體系。

B:That’s true. Yale is where she is because of those wisdom presidents. Ah, one great contribution of Mr. Brewster was that during his tenure, Yale enrolled more minority students and began admitting women as undergraduates.

是的。耶魯能有今天，那些英明的校長(zhǎng)們功不可設(shè)。對(duì)了，布魯斯特校長(zhǎng)還有一個(gè)偉大貢獻(xiàn),就是在他任職期間，耶魯擴(kuò)招少數(shù)民族的學(xué)生,并且開始招收女大學(xué)生。

A:But by 1977, the year he stepped down from his Yale post, there was widespread criticism of his presidency and of university activities and policies in his era. Yale had various financial problems.

但是，到他1977年離職的時(shí)候，針對(duì)他任內(nèi)的業(yè)績(jī)、組織的活動(dòng)、實(shí)行的政策， 存在大片譴責(zé)之聲。那時(shí)候，耶魯面臨著各種各樣的財(cái)政問題。

B:You mean his attitude toward antiwar protesters and people in the civil rights movement on the Yale campus?

你是指他對(duì)校內(nèi)的反戰(zhàn)者以及民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)者的態(tài)度嗎？

A:Yeah, there was widespread ill feeling among alumni who believe that Mr. Brewster was too lenient toward those people. But I don’t agree.

是的。校友們對(duì)此存在普遍不滿，他們認(rèn)為布魯斯特對(duì)那些人太仁慈了。但是， 我不這樣認(rèn)為。

B:I see. During the Vietnam War in 1960s, the U.S. government ordered that Conscientious Objectors are not allowed to be granted scholarship. While many prestigious universities in U.S. followed this instruction, Yale still adhered to its academic independence and continued to put the applicant’s performance as the sole principle for scholarship, without observing government’s regulations.

這我知道。20世紀(jì)60年代正值越戰(zhàn)期間，美國(guó)政府下令：凡是自稱以道德或宗 教理由反戰(zhàn)的學(xué)生一律不準(zhǔn)得到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)許多名校都遵照政府的指示行 事，惟獨(dú)耶魯堅(jiān)守學(xué)術(shù)獨(dú)立的一貫作風(fēng)，仍以申請(qǐng)者的成績(jī)?yōu)榭紤]獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的惟一 原則，完全漠視政府的規(guī)定。

A:As a result, Yale lost a large number of funds from the federal government and went into financial troubles several times.

結(jié)果，耶魯失去了來自聯(lián)邦政府的一大筆基金，經(jīng)濟(jì)上一度陷入困境。

B:However, in my opinion, Mr. Brewster did the right thing because he maintained Yale’s spirit.

但是，我認(rèn)為，布魯斯特校長(zhǎng)做得對(duì)，他維護(hù)了耶魯?shù)木瘛?/font>