中級(jí)美國(guó)英語(yǔ)家庭生活有關(guān)的詞匯
一.本課要點(diǎn)及示例
在這一課里, 我們學(xué)習(xí)幾個(gè)很有用的常用語(yǔ), 比方 "打定主意" make up one's mind, "解決" work out, "應(yīng)付" cope with 等等. 我們還要學(xué)習(xí)一些跟家庭生活有關(guān)系的詞匯.
首先我們依照慣例聽(tīng)一段對(duì)話, 內(nèi)容說(shuō)到亨利的同事南希要跟丈夫史蒂夫分居的事情. 請(qǐng)你注意兩位英文老師的發(fā)音和語(yǔ)調(diào).
M: Kate, Nancy and Steve are breaking up.
F: It's really a shame. I've heard that they quarrel, but they've always made up afterward.
M: Things are not working out this time. They are getting a separation soon.
F: What is going to happen to their daughter, Bonnie?
M: Nancy is going to take her.
F: The cost of living is so high. It will be difficult for her to take the responsibility. She had better think the whole thing over.
M: She seems to have made up her mind. She said she would rather be a single parent than cope with an unhappy marriage.
F: Well, I hope her parents will be able to talk her out of it.
現(xiàn)在我請(qǐng)英文老師再把對(duì)話念一遍. 請(qǐng)你注意聽(tīng).
M: Kate, Nancy and Steve are breaking up.
F: It's really a shame. I've heard that they quarrel, but they've always made up afterward.
M: Things are not working out this time. They are getting a separation soon.
F: What is going to happen to their daughter, Bonnie?
M: Nancy is going to take her.
F: The cost of living is so high. It will be difficult for her to take the responsibility. She had better think the whole thing over.
M: She seems to have made up her mind. She said she would rather be a single parent than cope with an unhappy marriage.
F: Well, I hope her parents will be able to talk her out of it.
現(xiàn)在老師把對(duì)話里包含了常用語(yǔ)的句子再念一遍給你聽(tīng).
M: Nancy and Steve are breaking up.
F: It's really a shame.
F: They've always made up afterward.
M: Things are not working out this time.
F: It will be difficult for her to take the responsibility.
F: She had better think the whole thing over.
M: She seems to have made up her mind.
M: She would rather be a single parent than cope with an unhappy marriage.
F: I hope her parents will be able to talk her out of it.
二.BREAK UP
現(xiàn)在我們從你剛才聽(tīng)到的句子里挑出一些常用語(yǔ)分別作練習(xí). 首先我們學(xué)習(xí)break up, b-r-e-a-k u-p, break up 的用法. 這個(gè)詞組的意思就是 "分裂, 解散". 用來(lái)說(shuō)人, 尤其是夫妻的時(shí)候, 意思就是 "分手". 現(xiàn)在老師用這個(gè)詞組作句子,提出一些有關(guān)南希和史蒂夫的問(wèn)題, 比方他們是不是已經(jīng)決定分手; 他們夫妻分居或是離婚會(huì)不會(huì)造成家庭分裂等等問(wèn)題. 這些問(wèn)題學(xué)生都一一地作肯定的答覆. 在學(xué)生作練習(xí)的時(shí)候請(qǐng)你也一起作.
M: Have Nancy and Steve decided to break up?
F: Yes, Nancy and Steve have decided to break up.
M: Do Henry and Kate know that they are breaking up?
F: Yes, Henry and Kate know that they are breaking up.
M: Are Henry and Kate concerned about their breaking up?
F: Yes, Henry and Kate are concerned about their breaking up.
M: Does their family break up when they get a separation?
F: Yes, their family breaks up when they get a separation.
M: Does their family break up when they divorce?
F: Yes, their family breaks up when they divorce.
三.MAKE UP
下面我們練習(xí) make up, m-a-k-e u-p, make up 的用法. 這個(gè)詞組可以用來(lái)表示"和好如初". 現(xiàn)在老師用這個(gè)詞組提出一些有關(guān)南希跟史蒂夫的問(wèn)題,比方"如果他們不彼此怨恨,他們會(huì)不會(huì)和好如初呢?" Would they make up if they didn't resent each other? 然后老師提出 yes 或是 no, 學(xué)生就根據(jù)他所聽(tīng)到的作肯定或否定的答覆. 在學(xué)生作練習(xí)的時(shí)候請(qǐng)你也一起作.
M: Have Nancy and Steve always made up before?
M: yes
F: Yes, Nancy and Steve have always made up before.
M: Are they willing to make up this time?
M: no
F: No, they are not willing to make up this time.
M: Would they need a separation if they were willing to make up?
M: no
F: No, they wouldn't need a separation if they were willing to make up.
M: Would they make up if they didn't resent each other?
M: yes
F: Yes, they would make up if they didn't resent each other.
M: Would it be better for their daughter if they made up?
M: yes
F: Yes, it would be better for their daughter if they made up.
四.MAKE UP ONE'S MIND
下面我們學(xué)習(xí)用make up one's mind 來(lái)表示 "打定主意". 比方有一句話: "南希已經(jīng)決定不跟史蒂夫和解." 這句話的英文可以這樣說(shuō):Nancy has made up her mind not to reconcile with Steve.
現(xiàn)在我們作一組代換練習(xí)學(xué)學(xué)這個(gè)常用語(yǔ). 練習(xí)的作法是老師念一個(gè)句子, 接著老師念一個(gè)詞組, 學(xué)生就把詞組代換到原來(lái)的句子里. 這組練習(xí)里的句子都是說(shuō)到南希決定怎么樣處理她的婚姻和家庭問(wèn)題. 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽(tīng), 并且跟學(xué)生一起作練習(xí).
M: Nancy has made up her mind to break up her marriage.
M: not to reconcile with Steve
F: Nancy has made up her mind not to reconcile with Steve.
M: to get a separation
F: Nancy has made up her mind to get a separation.
M: to be a single parent
F: Nancy has made up her mind to be a single parent.
M: to keep her daughter
F: Nancy has made up her mind to keep her daughter.
M: to take the responsibility
F: Nancy has made up her mind to take the responsibility.
五.WORK OUT
下面我們學(xué)習(xí)怎么用 work out, w-o-r-k o-u-t, work out. 這個(gè)詞組可以用來(lái)表示"解決"; 比方 "他們不能夠解決彼此間的歧見(jiàn)." They cannot work out their differences. 也可以用來(lái)表示 "順利"; 比方 "他們的婚姻不順利." Their marriage isn't working out. 下面老師問(wèn)學(xué)生一些跟南希的婚姻生活有關(guān)系的問(wèn)題.每問(wèn)一個(gè)問(wèn)題, 老師就會(huì)提出 yes 或是 no, 學(xué)生就根據(jù)他所聽(tīng)到的作肯定或否定的答覆. 在學(xué)生作練習(xí)的時(shí)候請(qǐng)你一起作.
M: Can Nancy and Steve work out their problems?
M: no
F: No, Nancy and Steve cannot work out their problems.
M: Can they work out their differences?
M: no
F: No, they cannot work out their differences.
M: Is their marriage working out?
M: no
F: No, their marriage isn't working out.
M: Would it work out if they didn't resent each other?
M: yes
F: Yes, it would work out if they didn't resent each other.
M: Would it work out if they reconciled?
M: yes
F: Yes, it would work out if they reconciled.
六.COPE WITH
下面我們學(xué)學(xué)怎么用 cope with, c-o-p-e w-i-t-h, cope with 來(lái)表示 "對(duì)付" 或是"應(yīng)付". 比方, "對(duì)付心理問(wèn)題是不容易的." 這句話英文可以這樣說(shuō): To cope with psychological problems is not easy. 現(xiàn)在我們作一組代換練習(xí),學(xué)學(xué)這種用法. 首先老師念一個(gè)句子, 學(xué)生跟著重復(fù)一遍, 接著老師念一個(gè)詞組, 學(xué)生就把詞組代換到原來(lái)的句子里. 學(xué)生作練習(xí)的時(shí)候,請(qǐng)你也一起作.
M: To cope with an unhappy marriage is not easy.
M: single parenthood
F: To cope with single parenthood is not easy
M: the high cost of living
F: To cope with the high cost of living is not easy.
M: emotional problems
F: To cope with emotional problems is not easy.
M: psychological problems
F: To cope with psychological problems is not easy.
M: financial problems
F: To cope with financial problems is not easy.
七.HAD BETTER
下面我們學(xué)習(xí)用 had better, h-a-d b-e-t-t-e-r, had better 加上原型動(dòng)詞來(lái)表示"最好" 作某件事情. 比方 "她最好開(kāi)始找個(gè)托兒所." 這句話英文可以 這樣說(shuō):She had better start looking for a child-care center. 現(xiàn)在我們作一組代換練習(xí)學(xué)學(xué)這種用法. 練習(xí)的內(nèi)容是說(shuō)到南希既然決定跟丈夫分居,自己帶大孩子, 她最好作些什么安排, 比方存錢, 找公寓, 找托兒所等等. 請(qǐng)你跟學(xué)生一起作練習(xí).
M: Nancy had better save some money.
M: get herself a car
F: Nancy had better get herself a car.
M: find an apartment
F: Nancy had better find an apartment.
M: start looking for a child-care center
F: Nancy had better start looking for a child-care center.
M: ask her parents to help
F: Nancy had better ask her parents to help.
下面一組代換練習(xí)的內(nèi)容是說(shuō)凱特認(rèn)為南希應(yīng)該跟父母談一談,最好三思而后行等等. 請(qǐng)你跟剛才一樣作練習(xí).
F: Nancy had better talk to her parents.
M: think the whole thing over
F: Nancy had better think the whole thing over.
M: work out the problems with Steve
F: Nancy had better work out the problems with Steve.
M: make up with Steve
F: Nancy had better make up with Steve.
八.WOULD RATHER
最后我們學(xué)習(xí)怎么用英文來(lái)表示 "寧愿怎么樣也不愿意怎么樣". 比方 "婚姻不美滿還不如分居." Having a separation is better than having an unhappy marriage. 這句話可以換一個(gè)方式用 would rather, w-o-u-l-d r-a-t-h-e-r, would rather 加上原型動(dòng)詞開(kāi)頭的詞組再加上 than, t-h-a-n, than 改成 "我寧愿分居也不愿意有不美滿的婚姻."I would rather have a separation than have an unhappy marriage. 下面我們作一組練習(xí)把這兩種說(shuō)法作一個(gè)比較. 練習(xí)的作法是南希用 is better than說(shuō)一句話, 請(qǐng)你用南希作主語(yǔ)再加上would rather ...than 把句子說(shuō)出來(lái). 下面就是一個(gè)例子:
F: Coping with the high cost of living is better than coping with emotional problems.
M: Nancy would rather cope with the high cost of living than cope with emotional problems.
這組練習(xí)比較難, 請(qǐng)你特別用心. 每作完一句老師就會(huì)把正確答案念給你聽(tīng).
F: Having a separation is better than having an unhappy marriage.
M: Nancy would rather have a separation than have an unhappy marriage.
F: Breaking up with Steve is better than having quarrels with him.
M: Nancy would rather break up with Steve than have quarrels with him.
F: Being a single parent is better than staying with Steve.
M: Nancy would rather be a single parent than stay with Steve.
F: Coping with financial problems is better than living with Steve.
M: Nancy would rather cope with financial problems than live with Steve.
F: Coping with the high cost of living is better than coping with emotional problems.
M: Nancy would rather cope with the high cost of living than cope with emotional problems.
九.聽(tīng)短語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題
今天我們要聽(tīng)的文章談到美國(guó)一般人的家庭和婚姻狀況.請(qǐng)你注意聽(tīng).
In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents raising five or more children were common. Over the years the size of the family has decreased. One reason for this is an increase in the cost of living. On the average, children attend schools for more years than they used to, making them financially dependent on their families longer. Moreover, children nowadays are better dressed and have more money to spend on entertainment. The parents usually take the responsibility for all the expenses. Meanwhile, families are less close than they used to be. More and more American mothers work away from home. The break up of the family occurs when the parent divorce. A lot of children in the U.S. live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when their parents separate. They grow up feeling unsettled as they are moved back and forth between parents. Usually one parent takes the responsibility for raising the children. These single parents must care for the children's emotional and psychological needs while also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and leaves very little time for the parent's own personal interests. Single parents often marry other single parents. In this type of family, unrelated children are forced to develop brother or sister relationship. The situations of many American families today are not good. However, recent signs indicate that things are getting better. The divorce rate is declining. The rate of childbirth is rising. Perhaps Americans have learnd how important families are.
現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你回答下面三個(gè)問(wèn)題. 在你回答之后請(qǐng)你聽(tīng)老師念正確答案.
第一個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: Why have American families become smaller?
F: It is because the cost of living has increased.
第二個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: What problems might children have when their parents break up?
F: They might have emotional and psychological problems.
第三個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: What is a single parent?
F: A single parent is a person who raises his or her child alone.
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