中級(jí)美國(guó)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式（三）
一.本課要點(diǎn)及示例
在這一課里, 我們學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞加上賓語(yǔ)再加上動(dòng)詞的用法. 比方"讓我試試"Let me try, "看他吃" Watch him eat 等等. 我們還要學(xué)習(xí)許多跟電視節(jié)目有關(guān)系的詞匯.
現(xiàn)在我們先來(lái)聽(tīng)今天這一課的對(duì)話, 內(nèi)容是說(shuō)彼得跟瑪麗談起了在家里頭看電視的事情. 請(qǐng)你注意聽(tīng)兩位英語(yǔ)文老師的發(fā)音和語(yǔ)調(diào).
M: Mary, did you see the special on TV last night?
F: No. My folks wouldn't let me watch it. They wanted to watch something else.
M: What did they have you watch?
F: We watched the hockey team play their first game of the season. Dad wanted to see it.
M: I heard they won the game. Did you see them make the winning goal?
F: I saw them make it, but hockey doesn't excite me very much. What about the special?
M: It was great! It was on physical fitness and better health. It made me want to be more active. It convinced me to watch less television.
現(xiàn)在兩位英文老師用慢速度再把整段對(duì)話念一遍.
M: Mary, did you see the special on TV last night?
F: No. My folks wouldn't let me watch it. They wanted to watch something else.
M: What did they have you watch?
F: We watched the hockey team play their first game of the season. Dad wanted to see it.
M: I heard they won the game. Did you see them make the winning goal?
F: I saw them make it, but hockey doesn't excite me very much. What about the special?
M: It was great! It was on physical fitness and better health. It made me want to be more active. It convinced me to watch less television.
下面我把包含了今天要學(xué)的語(yǔ)法的句子挑出來(lái), 請(qǐng)英文老師再念一遍給你聽(tīng).
F: My folks wouldn't let me watch it.
M: What did they have you watch?
F: We watched the hockey team play their first game of the season.
F: I saw them make it.
M: It made me want to be more active.
二.動(dòng)詞加賓語(yǔ)再加動(dòng)詞
聽(tīng)了上面那些句子后, 你可能已經(jīng)注意到在英文里有些動(dòng)詞后面可以加上賓語(yǔ)再加上另外一個(gè)動(dòng)詞. 這些動(dòng)詞包括let, l-e-t, let, have, h-a-v-e, have, watch, w-a-t-c-h, watch, see, s-e-e, see, hear, h-e-a-r, hear, make, m-a-k-e,make, help, h-e-l-p, help 等等. 下面老師念兩個(gè)句子讓你作個(gè)比較. 第一個(gè)句子是 "他不準(zhǔn)我看電視." He won't allow me to watch television. 第二個(gè)句子是 "他不讓我看電視."He won't let me watch television. 在第一個(gè)句子里, allow me后面必須加上 to 再加上 watch; 而第二個(gè)句子里只需要說(shuō) let me watch 就行了.
下面我們作一組練習(xí)比較這兩種說(shuō)法. 練習(xí)的內(nèi)容都是跟瑪麗的父母不準(zhǔn)或是不讓她看什么電視節(jié)目有關(guān)系. 在這組練習(xí)里你還可以學(xué)到不同種 類(lèi)電視節(jié)目的名稱, 比方 "有殘暴鏡頭的節(jié)目" violent programs, "匪徒電影" gangster movies, "恐怖電影" horror films, "晚間電影" late movies, "愛(ài)情連續(xù)劇" soap operas, "游戲節(jié)目" game shows 等等. 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽(tīng)男老師用allow 作句子,并且跟著女老師改用 let 把句子說(shuō)出來(lái).
M: Mary's parents wouldn't allow her to watch some T.V. programs.
F: Mary's parents wouldn't let her watch some T.V.programs.
M: They wouldn't allow her to watch violent programs.
F: They wouldn't let her watch violent programs.
M: They wouldn't allow her to watch gangster movies.
F: They wouldn't let her watch gangster movies.
M: They wouldn't allow her to watch horror films.
F: They wouldn't let her watch horror films.
M: They wouldn't allow her to watch late movies.
F: They wouldn't let her watch late movies.
M: They wouldn't allow her to watch soap operas.
F: They wouldn't let her watch soap operas.
M: They wouldn't allow her to watch game shows.
F: They wouldn't let her watch game shows.
下面我們用代換練習(xí)的方式學(xué)學(xué) have, h-a-v-e, have 加上賓語(yǔ)再加上其他動(dòng)詞的說(shuō)法. 練習(xí)的內(nèi)容都是說(shuō)到瑪麗的父母要她看什么電視節(jié)目, 比方 "新聞特寫(xiě)" news features, "記錄片" documentaries, "雜耍節(jié)目" variety shows, "總統(tǒng)新聞?dòng)浾哒写龝?huì)" presidential news conferences, "競(jìng)選報(bào)道" election coverage, "現(xiàn)場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)播節(jié)目" televised programs 等等.請(qǐng)你跟著老師把第一個(gè)句子重復(fù)一遍, 然后把老師提出的詞組代換到原來(lái)的句子里, 每作完一句, 老師會(huì)把句子再念一遍給你聽(tīng). 現(xiàn)在我們開(kāi)始.
M: Mary's folks have her watch news.
M: news features
F: Mary's folks have her watch news features.
M: sports
F: Mary's folks have her watch sports.
M: science programs
F: Mary's folks have her watch science programs.
M: documentaries
F: Mary's folks have her watch documentaries.
M: variety shows
F: Mary's folks have her watch variety shows.
M: presidential news conferences
F: Mary's folks have her watch presidential news conferences.
M: election coverage
F: Mary's folks have her watch election coverage.
M: televised programs
F: Mary's folks have her watch televised programs.
在下面一組練習(xí)里,我們一方面復(fù)習(xí)剛才那些新詞匯, 一方面比較 "鼓勵(lì)她看"encourage her to watch 跟 "叫她看" make her watch 這兩種說(shuō)法. 練習(xí)的作法是老師說(shuō): Did they encourage her to watch news features? 學(xué)生就把句子改成 Did they make her watch news features? 學(xué)生作練習(xí)的時(shí)候請(qǐng)你也一起作.
M: Did they encourage her to watch news features?
F: Did they make her watch news features?
M: Did they encourage her to watch science programs?
F: Did they make her watch science programs?
M: Did they encourage her to watch educational programs?
F: Did they make her watch educational programs?
M: Did they encourage her to watch documentaries?
F: Did they make her watch documentaries?
M: Did they encourage her to watch variety shows?
F: Did they make her watch variety shows?
M: Did they encourage her to watch presidential news conferences?
F: Did they make her watch presidential news conferences?
M: Did they encourage her to watch election coverage?
F: Did they make her watch election coverage?
M: Did they encourage her to watch televised programs?
F: Did they make her watch televised programs?
在剛才那組練習(xí)里, 我們練習(xí)了語(yǔ)法也學(xué)到了一些電視節(jié)目的名稱, 在美國(guó),人們看電視的時(shí)候很喜歡看體育報(bào)道.
下面一組練習(xí)的內(nèi)容就是說(shuō)到觀眾能在電視上看到什么樣的體育報(bào)道,比方可以看到運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽, 領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng), 接受訪問(wèn),作廣告等等.這組練習(xí)里有些詞匯可能你不熟,比方: "銀杯" trophies, "評(píng)論員"commentators,"訪問(wèn)" interview, "廣告" commercials, "推薦" recommend 等等,請(qǐng)你特別注意聽(tīng). 練習(xí)的作法是老師先念下面 一個(gè)句子: Audiences can see athletes compete. 你就跟著重復(fù)一遍,接著老師念一個(gè)從句,比方: athletes win competitions 你就用這個(gè)從句把原來(lái)的句子改成: Audiences can see athletes win competitions. 現(xiàn)在我們開(kāi)始作練習(xí),每作完一句老師會(huì)把正確答案念給你聽(tīng).
M: Audiences can see athletes compete.
M: people cheer their favorite athletes
F: Audiences can see people cheer their favorite athletes.
M: athletes receive trophies
F: Audiences can see athletes receive trophies.
M: commentators interview athletes
F: Audiences can see commentators interview athletes.
M: athletes do commercials
F: Audiences can see athletes do commercials.
M: athletes recommend sports products
F: Audiences can see athletes recommend sports products.
除了體育報(bào)道之外, 美國(guó)人對(duì)總統(tǒng)召開(kāi)的記者招待會(huì)也非常注意, 下面一組練習(xí)的內(nèi)容是說(shuō)彼得問(wèn)瑪麗有沒(méi)有在電視上看到總統(tǒng)在記者會(huì)上回答各種問(wèn)題的實(shí)況. 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽(tīng)彼得問(wèn)問(wèn)題, 并且替瑪麗作肯定的答覆. 每回答一句就請(qǐng)你聽(tīng)瑪麗念正確答案.
M: Did you hear the president talk about Middle-East situations?
F: Yes, I heard him talk about Middle-East situations.
M: Did you hear the president talk about political issues?
F: Yes, I heard him talk about political issues.
M: Did you hear the president talk about agricultural achievements?
F: Yes, I heard him talk about agricultural achievements.
M: Did you hear the president talk about arms reduction talks?
F: Yes, I heard him talk about arms reduction talks.
M: Did you hear the president talk about the nuclear weapons negotiation?
F: Yes, I heard him talk about the nuclear weapons negotiation.
三.聽(tīng)短文回答問(wèn)題
今天我們要聽(tīng)一篇介紹美國(guó)電視的文章. 這篇文章除了談到看電視是美國(guó)人很喜歡的娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)以外, 還介紹了美國(guó)的幾家主要電視臺(tái).現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽(tīng).
The most common form of entertainment in the U.S. is television. Nearly everyone watches television at some regular time in their daily lives, whether in the morning, at night or on weekends. Most families have color televisions and many have more than one set. Since its beginning, the television industry in the U.S. has been controlled by three companies. Those companies have formed networks of television stations in cities across the country. Each station televises its company's television programs. The three national networks are ABC, American Broadcasting Company, CBS, Columbia Broadcasting System and NBC, National Broadcasting Company. Each network has news features, dramatic presentations,comedies and sports events. Each network competes for a larger percentage of the television audience by trying to present programs with wide popular appeal. The programs are financed by advertising. Companies pay the television networks to display their products on television. The more popular a program, the higher the network can charge a company for commercials during the program. There is also a public television network. It has no commercials. Instead it receives financial support from the government, some private corporations and individual donations. Recently, a new type of television network has been gaining popularity. These networks are called cable television. Cable television companies sell television programing directly to the public. The viewer pays a monthly fee to the company. The company installs a special line to his television set to receive the programs which he has paid the company to watch.
剛才那篇文章如果你沒(méi)有全部聽(tīng)懂, 沒(méi)有關(guān)系,等一會(huì)兒老師會(huì)再念一遍給你聽(tīng). 現(xiàn)在我們先把今天測(cè)驗(yàn)的三個(gè)問(wèn)題聽(tīng)一遍.
第一個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: What are the three major television networks in the U.S.A.?
第二個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: Who supports the public television network?
第三個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: How do viewers receive programs from cable television companies?
現(xiàn)在我們聽(tīng)老師用慢速度再把整篇文章念一遍.
The most common form of entertainment in the U.S. is television. Nearly everyone watches television at some regular time in their daily lives, whether in the morning, at night or on weekends. Most families have color televisions and many have more than one set. Since its beginning, the television industry in the U.S. has been controlled by three companies. Those companies have formed networks of television stations in cities across the country. Each station televises its company's television programs. The three national networks are ABC, American Broadcasting Company, CBS, Columbia Broadcasting System and NBC, National Broadcasting Company. Each network has news features, dramatic presentations,comedies and sports events. Each network competes for a larger percentage of the television audience by trying to present programs with wide popular appeal. The programs are financed by advertising. Companies pay the television networks to display their products on television. The more popular a program, the higher the network can charge a company for commercials during the program. There is also a public television network. It has no commercials. Instead it receives financial support from the government, some private corporations and individual donations. Recently, a new type of television network has been gaining popularity. These networks are called cable television. Cable television companies sell television programing directly to the public. The viewer pays a monthly fee to the company. The company installs a special line to his television set to receive the programs which he has paid the company to watch.
現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你回答下面三個(gè)問(wèn)題, 你回答以后, 老師會(huì)念出正確答案讓你作個(gè)比較, 看你答對(duì)了沒(méi)有.
第一個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: What are the three major television networks in the U.S.?
F: They are ABC, CBS and NBC.
第二個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: Who supports the public television network?
F: The government, some private corporations and individuals support the public television network.
第三個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: How do viewers receive programs from cable television companies?
F: They pay a monthly fee to the cable television companies.
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